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1904/1981 comparison at the confluence of the west branch of Santa Cruz River in Tucson, AZ.
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Paul Martin, University of Arizona, next to Pleistocene midden.
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Neotoma cinerea, the bushy-tailed woodrat sitting on den, Chaco Canyon, New Mexico.
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Bone of the giant camel, [Camelops sp.], found in a midden from the Garrison site.
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Laboratory preparation of midden sample.
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Pleistocene midden from Burro Canyon, Kofa Mountains, Yuma County, Arizona
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Bristlecone pine needles from late glacial age packrat midden; Ladder Cave in eastern Nevada.
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Packrat middens in the western U.S.
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Aerial view of the eastern Grand Canyon.
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Vegetation Changes in the Grand Canyon
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Evidence from 89 Packrat Middens
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Lake Powell [1200 m] and Navajo Mountain [3166 m]
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Allen Canyon Cave, [2200 m] in San Juan County, Utah.
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Selected taxa from midden macrofossils, Allen Canyon Cave, San Juan County, Utah.
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Plant zonation with elevation on the Colorado Plateau from the last glacial to the present.
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Fossil packrat midden records of piņon pine along a north-south transect from Mexico to Colorado
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Comparison of the late Pleistocene and modern vegetation of the American Southwest.
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Ponderosa pine woodland with plume from large fire in the background.
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Piņon-juniper woodland at Mesa Verde National Monument, southwestern Colorado.
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Upper Sonoran Desert vegetation along the Apache Trail, central Arizona.
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Scanning electron micrograph of stomatal rows from a modern limber pine needle.
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Changes in CO2 levels and stomatal density in limber pine during the last 25,000 years.
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A Temporal Test of Bergmann's Rule
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Pueblo Bonita, Chaco Canyon, NM
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Radiocarbon ages of midden macrofossils at Chaco Canyon.
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A midden made by the leaf-eared mouse (Phyllotis) along a river oasis in the Atacama Desert.
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