67°56'N 162°18'W

Reference: Jacoby and D'Arrigo, 1989; D'Arrigo and Jacoby, 1992; 1993

Proxy Type: tree-ring widths

Standardized 400-year proxy climate records reflecting surface air temperature for sites from Arctic Europe east to western Canada (Fig. 1; Table 1; 18). Red indicates temperatures greater than one standard deviation warmer than average for the reference period (1901-1960), whereas dark blue indicates at least one standard deviation colder than this average. All series presented as five-year averages (see paper for more explanation)²