NOAA NCDC National Climatic Data Center
NOAA Paleoclimatology Program, NCDC Paleoclimatology Branch  
Paleoclimatology Navigation Bar Bookmark and Share
NOAA National Environmental Satellite, Data, and Information Service National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration NOAA National Climatic Data Center U.S. Department of Commerce Paleo Home Data Paleo Projects Paleo Perspectives Education and Outreach About Paleo Program Site Map

Climate Reconstructions


Please Cite Data Contributors! The NOAA Paleoclimatology Program archives reconstructions of past climatic conditions derived from paleoclimate proxies, in addition to the Program's large holdings of primary paleoclimatic proxy data. Included are reconstructions of past temperature, precipitation, vegetation, streamflow, sea surface temperature, and other climatic or climate-dependent conditions. Reconstructions marked with σ include uncertainty estimates.
IPCC 2007 1300 year temperature reconstructions The Paleoclimate Reconstruction Challenge is a strategy to assess the skill of different climate reconstruction methods.

Air Temperature

NOAA Paleoclimate Network of 92 Temperature Reconstructions and proxy/instrumental data to make reconstructions

Global and Hemispheric
Global Temperature, RSL, Ice Volume (δ18O), 1,000,000 Years, Bintanja et al. 2005, Text or Excel
Global Temperature, RSL, Ice Volume (δ18O), 3,000,000 Years, Bintanja and van de Wal 2008, Text or Excel
Global Surface Temperature (Geothermal Heat Flow: Boreholes), 20,000 Years, Huang et al. 2008, Text or Excel
Global & Hemispheric Temperature, NAO, and SOI (Review), 2000 Years, Jones and Mann 2004.
Global Temperature (PCA: Tree-rings, Ice Cores, Corals, Sediments, Historical), 1000 Years, Jones et al. 1998
Global & Hemispheric Temperature (Review), Multiproxy, 2,000 Years, Ljungqvist 2009.
Global Temperature (PCA: Tree-rings, Ice Cores, Corals) and Spatial Distribution, 600 Years, Mann et al. 2000.
Global Gridded Temperature (Climate Field Reconstruction, Multiproxy), 1,500 Years, Mann et al. 2009 σ
Global & Hemispheric Temperature (CPS & EIV: Tree Rings, Multiproxy), 2,000 Years, Mann et al. 2008 σ
Global Temperature (PCA: Tree-rings, Ice Cores, Corals, Historical), 600 Years, Mann et al. 1998 σ
Global Temperature (Review), Last Glacial Maximum (19-23 KYrBP), Schmittner et al. 2011
Global Temperature (Glacier Length), 400 Years, Oerlemans 2005
Global and Hemispheric Temperature (Glacier Length), 400 Years, Leclercq and Oerlemans 2012
Global Temperature (Geothermal Heat Flow Analysis: Boreholes), 500 Years, Pollack et al. 1998.
Global Normalized Proxy Temperature, 130 Years, Anderson et al. 2013
Global Proxy benchmarks for intercomparison of 8.2 ka simulations, 8200 Years BP, Morrill et al. 2013
Global Ensemble Climate Reconstructions and Code Package, 600 Years BP, Tingley and Huybers 2013
Antarctic Temperature, EPICA Dome C, (Isotopes: Ice Core) 800,000 Years, Jouzel et al. 2007.
Antarctic Temperature, Vostok, (Isotopes: Ice Core) 414,000 Years, Petit et al. 1999.
Northern Hemisphere Temperature (Tree-ring, Ice Cores, Corals), 1000 Years, Ammann and Wahl 2007.
Northern Hemisphere & Regional Temperature (Age Band Decomp.: Tree-rings), 600 Years, Briffa et al. 2001.
Northern Hemisphere Temperature (Regression: Tree-rings), 600 Years, Briffa et al. 1998.
Northern Hemisphere Temperature (Tree-rings, Ice Cores, Historical), 1000 Years, Crowley & Lowery 2000.
Northern Hemisphere Temperature (RCS and STD: Tree-rings), 1300 Years, D'Arrigo et al. 2006.
Northern Hemisphere Temperature (RCS: Tree-rings), 1000 Years, Esper et al. 2002.
Northern Hemisphere Temperature (Ensemble, Carbon Cycle Sensitivity), 1000 Years, Frank et al. 2010.
Northern Hemisphere Temperature (Least Squares: Tree-rings), 1,500 Years, Hegerl et al. 2007, Text or Excel σ
Northern Hemisphere Temperature (Boreholes, Tree-ring, Ice Cores, Corals), 500 Years, Huang 2004.
Northern Hemisphere Temperature (Review), 1000 Years, IPCC Fourth Assessment, Working Group 1, 2007.
Hemispheric Temperature, NAO, and SOI (Review), 1000 Years, Jones et al. 2001.
Northern Hemisphere 30°-90° Temperature, (LOC), Multiproxy, 2,000 Years, Christiansen and Ljungqvist 2012 σ
Northern Hemisphere 30°-90° Temperature, (Composite-plus-scale), Multiproxy, 2,000 Years, Ljungqvist 2010 σ
Northern Hemisphere 30°-90° Temperature, (LOC), Multiproxy, 1,000 Years, Christiansen and Ljungqvist 2011 σ
Northern Hemisphere Temperature (PCA: Tree-rings, Ice Cores, Corals), 1000 Years, Mann et al. 1999 σ
Hemispheric Temperature (Historical, Tree-rings, Ice Cores, Sediment), 2000 Years, Mann and Jones 2003 σ
Northern Hemisphere Temperature (Wavelet: Sediments, Tree-rings), 2000 Years, Moberg et al. 2005 σ
Northern Hemisphere Temperature, Warm/Cold Spatial Extent, 1,200 Years, Osborn and Briffa 2006.
Northern Hemisphere Temperature (Review/Comparison), 600 Years, Rutherford et al. 2005.
Northern Hemisphere Temperature, Multiproxy, 1,000 Years, Shi et al. 2012 σ
Northern Hemisphere Temperature (Speleothem Layer Thickness), 500 Years, Smith et al. 2006.
Northern Hemisphere Temperature (Tree-rings), 250 Years, Wilson et al. 2007.
Local and Regional
Continental Temperature, Precipitation, and GDD, 6ka and 21ka, Bartlein et al. 2010 σ
Greenland Temperature, 49,000 Years, Alley 2000
Greenland Temperature, 4,000 Years, Kobashi et al. 2011, Text or Excel σ
Greenland Temperature, 1,000 Years, Kobashi et al. 2010, Text or Excel σ
Arctic Temperature, 1,400 Years, Shi et al. 2012 σ
Arctic Temperature, 2,000 Years, Kaufman et al. 2009
Arctic Temperature, 400 Years, Overpeck et al. 1997
Antarctic Temperature, 200 Years, Schneider et al. 2006 σ
Dome Fuji, Antarctica Preliminary Temperature, 340,000 Years, Kawamura et al. 2007
Dome Fuji, Antarctica Temperature, 360,000 Years, Uemura et al. 2012
Africa
Lake Malawi, East Africa Surface Temperature, 25,000 Years, Powers et al. 2005 σ
Lake Tanganyika, East Africa Surface Temperature, 60,000 Years, Tierney et al. 2008, Text or Excel
Sacred Lake, Mt. Kenya GDGT Temperature Reconstruction, 47,000 Years, Loomis et al. 2012
Cold Air Cave, South Africa Temperature, 350 Years, Sundqvist et al. 2013
Congo River Basin Mean Air Temperature, 25,000 Years, Weijers et al. 2007, Text or Excel format.
Asia
China Temperature, 1,000 Years, Shi et al. 2012 σ
China Temperature, 2,000 Years, Ge et al. 2013 σ
China Temperature, 2000 Years, Yang et al. 2002.
East China Winter Temperature, 2000 Years, Ge et al. 2003 σ
Beijing, China Temperature, 2650 Years, Tan et al. 2003 σ
North-Central China Temperature and Precipitation, 530 Years, Yi et al. 2011, Text or Excel σ
West Qinling Mountains Multiproxy Temperature, 500 Years, Yang et al. 2013
Altai, Siberia Temperature, 750 Years, Eichler et al. 2009, Text or Excel σ
Taymir, northern Siberia, Summer Temperature, 400 Years, Jacoby et al. 2000.
Yamal Peninsula, western Siberia, Summer Temperature, 4000 Years, Hantemirov and Shiyatov 2002.
Yamalia, NW Siberia Summer Temperature, Tree Rings, 2,000 Years, Briffa et al. 2013
Kathmandu, Nepal, Pre- and Post- Monsoon Temperature, 550 Years, Cook et al. 2003.
Hokkaido, Japan Warm Season Temperature, 440 Years, Davi et al. 2001.
Lake Suigetsu, Japan Temperature, 15,700 - 10,200 YrBP, Nakagawa et al. 2006, Text or Excel format.
Australia, New Zealand
Australasia Temperature, 1000 Years, Gergis et al. 2012, Text or Excel σ
New Zealand Temperature, 270 Years, Xiong and Palmer 2000 σ
Tasmania Temperature, 3600 Years, Cook et al. 2000
Europe
European Gridded and Regional Summer Temperature and Data Visualization, 225 Years, Briffa 1988.
European Gridded Spring-Summer Temperature, 1400 Years, Guiot et al. 2010, Text or Excel
European-wide Seasonal Temperature, plus Annual Grid Cell Data Files, 500 Years, Xoplaki et al. 2005, Luterbacher et al. 2004.
European Pattern Climatology, Gridded Monthly Temp., Precip., 500hPa Height, and Data Visualization, 340 Years, Casty et al. 2007.
European Alps Temperature, 944 Years, Trachsel et al. 2012, Text or Excel.
European Alps Temperature and Precipitation Reconstructions, 500 Years, Casty et al. 2005.
Central Alps Temperature, 2,000 Years, Mangini et al. 2005.
Central Europe Temperature, 500 Years, Dobrovolný et al. 2010, Text or Excel σ
Kõszeg, Hungary 392Yr Documentary May-July Temperature, Kiss et al. 2011, Text or Excel
Eastern Europe May-June Temperature, 1000 Years, Büntgen et al. 2013
Central Europe Summer Temperature, 2500 Years, Büntgen et al. 2011, Text or Excel σ
Germany/Central Europe Temperature, 1000 Years, Glaser and Riemann 2009, Text or Excel σ
Lago dell'Accesa, Italy January Temperature, 11.7-4.6KYrBP, Finsinger et al. 2010, Text or Excel format.
Lake Cadagno, Switzerland MBT/CBT Temperature, 11,000 Years, Niemann et al. 2012, Text or Excel.
Lake Silvaplana, Switzerland VRS Temperature, 775 Years, Trachsel et al. 2010, Text or Excel.
Lake Silvaplana, Switzerland BioSi/Chironomid Temperature, 765 Years, Trachsel et al. 2010, Text or Excel.
Lake Silvaplana, Switzerland Chironomid Temperature, 1000 Years, Larocque et al. 2010, Text or Excel.
Lake Silvaplana, Switzerland Chironomid Temperature, 420 Years, Larocque et al. 2009, Text or Excel.
Lake Silvaplana, Switzerland Chironomid Temperature, 140 Years, Larocque et al. 2008, Text or Excel.
Swiss Alps Temperature, 400 Years, Blass et al. 2007, Text or Excel σ
Switzerland Spring-Summer Temperature, 526 Years, Meier et al. 2007.
Burgundy Spring-Summer Temperature, 630 Years, Chuine et al. 2004.
Northern Spain Temperature, 4000 Years, Martín-Chivelet et al. 2011, Text or Excel
Northern Fennoscandia Spring Temperature, 300 Years, Loader et al. 2011, Text or Excel σ
Northeastern Fennoscandia July Temperature, 2,000 Years, Bjune et al. 2008, Text or Excel.
Fennoscandia Summer Temperature, 1,250 Years, Lindholm et al. 2010, Text or Excel.
Northern Coastal Norway Temperature, 650 Years, Kirchhefer 2001
Abisko Valley, Northern Sweden Temperature, 10,000 Years, Larocque and Hall 2004, Text or Excel.
Stockholm Winter/Spring Temperature, 500 Years, Leijonhufvud et al. 2010, Text or Excel σ
Jämtland Tree Ring MXD Temperature, 900 Years, Gunnarson et al. 2011
Torneträsk, Northern Sweden, Tree Ring MXD Temperature, 1,500 Years, Grudd 2008, Text or Excel.
Kongressvatnet, Svalbard, Lake Sediment Alkenone Paleotemperature, 1800 Years, D'Andrea 2012
Raufarhofn, Iceland August Temperature, 2,000 Years, Axford et al. 2008, Text or Excel.
North America
Baffin Island Summer Temperature, 500 Years, Hughen et al. 2000.
Baffin Island Summer Temperature, 1200 Years, Moore et al. 2001.
Baffin Island Summer Temperature, 1,000 Years, Thomas and Briner 2008, Text or Excel σ
Lake CF8, Baffin Island Chironomid Temperature, 200,000 Years, Axford et al. 2009, Text or Excel.
Northwest Canada Temperature, 350 Years, Szeicz et al. 1995.
Northwest Territories Summer Temperature, 2,000 Years, MacDonald et al. 2008, Text or Excel.
Boreal Canada Regional Temperature, 12,000 Years, Viau ang Gajewski 2009, Text or Excel
Eastern Beringia Regional Temperature, 25,000 Years, Viau et al. 2008, Text or Excel
Nunavut July Temperature and Precipitation, 2,500 Years, Peros and Gajewski 2008, Text or Excel.
Nunavut Summer Temperature, 2,000 Years, Porinchu et al. 2008, Text or Excel.
Hanging Lake, Yukon July Temperature, 17,000 Years, Kurek et al. 2009, Text or Excel σ
Canadian Rockies Summer Temperature, 1050 Years, Luckman and Wilson 2005.
Gulf of Alaska March-May, March-Sept., and April-Sept. Temperature, 400 Years, Wiles et al. 1998.
Gulf of Alaska January-September Temperature, 1300 Years, Wilson et al. 2007, Text or Excel
Northwestern Alaska Growing Season Temperature, 2,000 Years, Hu et al. 2001, Text or Excel.
South-central Alaska July Temperature, 13,500 Years, Clegg et al. 2011, Text or Excel σ
South-central Alaska July Temperature, 6,000 Years, Clegg et al. 2010, Text or Excel σ
Western Alaska July Temperature, 39,000 Years, Kurek et al. 2009, Text or Excel σ
Southern Alaska Summer Temperature, 1,500 Years, Loso 2008, Text or Excel σ
Wrangell Mountains, Alaska Warm Season Temperature, 400 Years, Davi et al. 2003.
USA Pacific Northwest Temperature, 250 Years, Wiles et al. 1996.
East-central Idaho July Temperature Reconstruction, 850 Years, Biondi et al. 1999.
Southern Colorado Plateau Temperature Reconstruction, 2,262 Years, Salzer and Kipfmueller 2005.
West N.America Gridded & Regional Summer Temperature and Data Visualization, 400 Years, Briffa et al. 1992.
Large Scale N.American Temp. and Precip., Description, and Data Visualization, 400 Years, Fritts 1991.
North American and Regional July Temperature Reconstructions, 14,000 Years, Viau et al. 2006, Text or Excel σ
Western North American Annual Temperature Reconstruction, 500 Years, Wahl and Smerdon 2012 σ
South America
Amazon Basin Temperature, 37,000 Years, Bendle et al. 2010, Text or Excel
Central Chile Austral Summer Temperature, 1142 Years, von Gunten et al. 2008, Text or Excel format.
Southern Andes Temperature, Text or Excel format, 350 Years, Villalba et al. 2003.
Southern South America Gridded Temperature, 1100 Years, Neukom et al. 2010 σ

mongolian trees

Hydroclimate

Drought
Africa
East Africa Drought, 1100 Years, Verschuren et al. 2000.
Morocco PDSI, 950 Years, Esper et al. 2007.
Asia
North Central China Decadal Precipitation Index Reconstruction, 1800 Years, Tan et al. 2011
Longxi, China Decadal Drought/Flood Indices, 1000 Years, Tan et al. 2008, Text or Excel
Monsoon Asia Drought Atlas (MADA), 700 Years, Cook et al. 2010, netCDF
North America
NOAA/NESDIS North American Drought Variability project
(includes Tree-ring reconstructed PDSI).
A Paleo Perspective on North American Drought
North American PDSI, 2000 Years, Cook et al. 2004, netCDF. Also, 2008 Update, netCDF
North American Great Plains Drought, 2300 Years, Laird et al. 1996.
North American Great Plains Drought, 11,000 Years, Laird et al. 1996.
Central U.S. PHDI, Text or Excel, 1093 Years, Stambaugh et al. 2011.
Canadian Prairies Regional Drought, 481 Years, St. George et al. 2009.
Upper Mississippi Basin Aridity, 10,000 Years, Dean et al. 1997.
U.S. Drought Area Index, 270 Years, Cook et al. 1997.
U.S. PDSI, text or Microsoft Excel, and Data Visualization, 280 Years, Zhang et al. 2004.
Western U.S. Drought Area Index, Data and Description, 1200 Years, Cook et al. 2004 σ
Southwest US Drought Index, 570 Years, Cook unpublished data.
Southwestern US Drought Maps from Pinyon Tree-Ring δ13C, 400 Years, Leavitt et al. 2007.
Valles Caldera Pleistocene Interglacial Drought, 552 - 363 KYrBP, Fawcett et al. 2011.
Eastern Colorado PDSI, 440 Years, Woodhouse et al. 2001.
Texas PDSI, 280 Years, Stahle and Cleaveland 1988.
Texas PDSI, Text or Excel, 500 Years, Cleaveland et al. 2011.
Northeastern Utah PDSI, 600 Years, Gray et al. 2003.
Northern California and Nevada Multicentennial Droughts, 7600 Years, Benson et al. 2002.
East USA Lost Colony/Jamestown Droughts, 800 Years, Stahle et al. 1998.
New York Climate Division 5 PDSI, Text or Excel, 472 Years, Pederson et al. 2013.
Southeast U.S. PDSI, Text or Excel, 346 Years, Pederson et al. 2012.
Central American Drought and the Classic Maya Civilization, 9700 Years, Hodell et al. 1995.
Mesoamerican PDSI, Text or Excel, 1238 Years, Stahle et al. 2011.
South America
Andes Temperate-Mediterranean Transition PDSI, Text or Excel, 657 Years, Christie et al. 2011.
Precipitation
Africa
East African Precipitation 40,000 Years, Bonnefille and Chalié 2000 σ
Zimbabwe Summer Precipitation, 200 Years, Therrell et al. 2006, Text or Excel format.
Asia
Huashuan, China Precipitation, 400 Years, Hughes et al. 1994.
North-Central China Temperature and Precipitation, 530 Years, Yi et al. 2011, Text or Excel σ
North-Central China Precipitation, 400 Years, Yi et al. 2010, Text or Excel format.
Mongolia Riverflow and Precipitation Reconstructions, 350 Years, Pederson et al. 2001.
Lake Suigetsu, Japan Precipitation, 15,700 - 10,200 YrBP, Nakagawa et al. 2006, Text or Excel format.
Southern Jordan Precipitation, 400 Years, Touchan et al. 1999.
Australia, New Zealand
Queensland, Australia Riverflow and Precipitation, 350 Years, Lough 2007.
Queensland, Australia Rainfall, 350 Years, Lough 2011, Text or Excel
Europe
Gridded European Seasonal Precipitation, 500 Years, Pauling et al. 2006 σ
Central Europe Summer Precipitation, 2500 Years, Büntgen et al. 2011, Text or Excel σ
Southern Central England March-July Precipitation, 1000 Years, Wilson et al. 2012, Text or Excel
East Anglia Spring-Summer Precipitation, 1100 Years, Cooper et al. 2012, Text or Excel σ
Scotland Precipitation, 3600 Years, Proctor et al. 2002
Scotland Precipitation, 1000 Years, Proctor et al. 2000 σ
Lyngen Peninsula, Norway, Winter Precipitation, Text or Excel, 20,000 Years, Bakke et al. 2005.
Bavarian Forest Spring-Summer Precipitation, 500 Years, Wilson et al. 2005.
Lago dell'Accesa, Italy Summer Precipitation, 11.7-4.6KYrBP, Finsinger et al. 2010, Text or Excel
Turkey Precipitation 350 Years, D'Arrigo and Cullen 2001.
Southwest Turkey Precipitation 660 Years, Touchan et al. 2003.
Northwest Turkey Precipitation 365 Years, Akkemik et al. 2005.
South Central Turkey Precipitation 300 Years, Akkemik et al. 2005.
Northern Aegean (NE Greece/NW Turkey) May-June Precipitation, 900 Years, Griggs et al. 2007, Text or Excel.
Eastern Mediterranean May-August Precipitation, 600 Years, Touchan et al. 2005, Text or Excel.
North America
Large Scale North American Temperature and Precipitation ,Description, and Data Visualization, 400 Years, Fritts 1991.
Boreal Canada Regional Precipitation, 12,000 Years, Viau ang Gajewski 2009, Text or Excel
Eastern Beringia Regional Precipitation, 25,000 Years, Viau et al. 2008, Text or Excel
Southern Manitoba precipitation reconstruction, 595 Years, St. George and Nielsen 2002.
Northeast USA Little Ice Age Precipitation, 2000 Years, Gajewski 1988.
Montpelier Plantation, Virginia Precipitation, 180 Years, Druckenbrod et al. 2003.
Mid-Atlantic USA May Precipitation, 800 Years, Maxwell et al. 2012, Text or Excel
Southeast USA Precipitation and PDSI reconstructions, 1000 Years, Stahle and Cleaveland 1992.
Iowa Precipitation and PDSI reconstructions, 340 Years, Cleaveland and Duvick 1992.
Missouri Precipitation and PDSI reconstructions, 400 Years, Cleaveland and Stahle 1996.
Eastern Oregon Precipitation and PDSI, 300 Years, Garfin and Hughes 1997.
Pacific Northwest Precipitation, 1500 Years, Steinman et al. 2012.
Glacier National Park Mean Summer Deficit, 460 Years, Pederson et al. 2006.
Bighorn Basin Wyoming/Montana Precipitation, 739 Years, Gray et al. 2004.
Uinta Basin, Utah Precipitation, 775 Years, Gray et al. 2004.
El Malpais, New Mexico Precipitation, 2129 Years, Grissino 1996.
Northeast Arizona Tribal Lands Seasonal Precipitation , 400/650 Years, Faulstich et al. 2013
North American Monsoon Subannual Precipitation Index, 470 Years, Griffin et al. 2013
Rio Grande 500 Year Riverflow and Precipitation Reconstructions, 500 Years, Woodhouse et al. 2013
Arizona and New Mexico Climate Division Precipitation, 1000 Years, Ni et al. 2002.
Southern Colorado Plateau Precipitation Reconstruction, 1,425 Years, Salzer and Kipfmueller 2005.
Nevada Precipitation, 8000 Years, Hughes and Graumlich 1996.
White Mountains, California Precipitation, 920 Years, Bale et al. 2011, Text or Excel
Durango, Mexico precipitation reconstruction, 610 Years, Cleaveland et al. 2003.
Chihuahua, Mexico precipitation reconstruction, 350 Years, Díaz et al. 2002.
Saltillo, Coahuila, Mexico, precipitation reconstruction, 220 Years, Pohl et al. 2003.
South America
Southern South America Multiproxy Precipitation Reconstructions, 500 Years, Neukom et al. 2010.
South American Documentary Hydrological Indices, 465 Years, Neukom et al. 2009.
Patagonian Andes Lago Plomo Winter Precipitation, 470 Years, Elbert et al. 2012, Text or Excel σ
Streamflow
Asia
Selenge River, Mongolia Streamflow, 360 Years, Davi et al. 2006.
Yeruu River, Mongolia Streamflow, 330 Years, Pederson et al. 2012.
Australia, New Zealand
Burdekin River, Australia Streamflow, 350 Years, Isdale et al. 1998.
Queensland, Australia Riverflow and Precipitation, 350 Years, Lough 2007.
North America
Upper Colorado River and tributaries flow, 1200 Years, Meko et al. 2007 σ
Colorado River and tributaries flow, Text or Microsoft Excel format, 500 Years, Stockton and Jacoby 1976.
Upper Colorado River and tributaries flow, 500 Years, Woodhouse et al. 2006.
Rio Grande 500 Year Riverflow and Precipitation Reconstructions, 500 Years, Woodhouse et al. 2013
California TreeFlow - Tree Ring Reconstructions of Streamflow for California
Feather River, California flow reconstruction, 1076 Years, Meko 2001.
Sacramento River, California flow reconstruction (JAWRA), 1109 Years, Meko et al. 2001.
Sacramento River, California flow reconstruction (CDWR), 1076 Years, Meko 2001.
Salinas River, California flow reconstruction, 595 Years, Griffin 2005.
TreeFlow Project - Tree Ring Reconstructions of Streamflow for Colorado σ
Clear Creek Colorado Annual Flow Reconstruction, 300 Years, Woodhouse 2000.
Middle Boulder Creek Colorado Flow Reconstruction, 280 Years, Woodhouse 2001.
Snake River, Idaho flow reconstruction, 415 Years, Wise 2010.
Yellowstone River, Montana flow reconstruction, 270 Years, Graumlich et al. 2003 σ
Potomac River May-September Streamflow, Text or Excel, 1000 Years, Maxwell et al. 2011.
White River, Arkansas flow reconstruction, 963 Years, Cleaveland 2000.
White River, Arkansas flow reconstruction, 280 Years, Cleaveland and Stahle 1989.
Other
Global Lake Level Histories
Africa
Sahara and Sahel Paleohydrological Database, 10,000 Years, Lézine et al. 2011, Text or Excel
East African MCEOF Hydroclimatic Lake Proxy Data Synthesis, 675 Years, Tierney et al. 2013
NW Africa Continental Humidity Index Reconstruction, 116KYr, Tjallingii et al. 2009.
Asia
Arid Central Asia Synthesized Moisture, 1,000 Years, Chen et al. 2010, Text or Excel
Sugan Lake, Northwest China Chironomid Salinity, 1,000 Years, Chen et al. 2009, Text or Excel
Europe
Northern England Peatland Water Table, 4800 Years, Charman 2000.
Northern Britain Stacked Water Table Record, 4400 Years, Charman et al. 2006.
Folgefonna Glacier, Norway, Equilibrium-Line Altitude, Text or Excel, 6,000 Years, Bakke et al. 2005.
Lyngen Peninsula, Norway, Glacier Equilibrium-Line Altitude, Text or Excel, 4,000 Years, Bakke et al. 2005.
Western Norway Lake Kråkenes and Nordic sea Sediment data, Text or Excel, 12,900 Years, Bakke et. al. 2010.
Forfjorddalen, Norway Tree Ring δ13C Cloud Cover, Text or Excel, 1,000 Years, Young et al. 2012.
Mauntschas Mire, Switzerland Water Table Depth, Text or Excel, 140 Years, Lamentowicz et al. 2010 σ
Slowinskie Bog, Poland Water Table Depth, Text or Excel, 1,000 Years, Lamentowicz et al. 2009 σ
Stazki Bog, Poland Water Table Depth, Text or Excel, 1,000 Years, Lamentowicz et al. 2008 σ
Lake Allos, Mediterranean French Alps Flood Deposit Data, Text or Excel, 1,360 Years, Wilhelm et al. 2012.
North America
Chesapeake Bay Salinity reconstructions, Text or Excel format, 550 Years, Cronin et al. 2000.
Michigan Water Table Depth Reconstruction, 3,500 Years, Booth and Jackson 2003.
North American Cordillera Snow Water Equivalent Reconstructions, 1600 Years, Pederson et. al 2011
Gunnison River Basin Snow Water Equivalent Reconstruction, 430 Years, Woodhouse 2003.
Central Mexico Maize Yield Reconstruction, 525 Years, Therrell et al. 2006.
San Francisco Bay Salinity reconstructions, 390 Years, Stahle et al. 2001.
Caribbean Sea Salinity reconstructions, 130,000 Years, Schmidt et al. 2004.
North Atlantic surface pressure map

Atmospheric Circulation Patterns

Arctic Oscillation & Snow Events, 2,000 years, Chu et al. 2008, Text or Excel
Arctic Oscillation Warm Season SAT & SLP Indices, 325 Years, D'Arrigo et al. 2003.
Increase in the Asian SW Monsoon During the Past Four Centuries, 400 Years, Anderson et al. 2002.
Western Indian Ocean low-level cross-equatorial jet, 342 years, Gong & Luterbacher 2008, Text or Excel σ
Indian Ocean Dipole Mode Index (DMI), 150 years, Abram et al. 2008, Text or Excel
Southern Annular Mode (SAM) Index, 600 Years, Villalba et al. 2012
Pacific
Pacific Decadal Oscillation, 330 Years, Biondi et al. 2001.
Pacific Decadal Oscillation, 420 Years, D'Arrigo and Wilson 2006, Text or Excel
Pacific Decadal Oscillation, 300 Years, D'Arrigo et al. 2001.
Pacific Decadal Oscillation, 120 Years, Felis et al. 2010, Text or Excel
Pacific Decadal Oscillation, 1,000 Years, MacDonald and Case 2005.
Pacific Decadal Oscillation, 530 Years, Shen et al. 2006.
Winter Pacific North American pattern, 275 Years, Trouet and Taylor 2009, Text or Excel
Niño 1+2, 3, 3.4, and 4 Indices, 700 Years, Cook et al. 2008, Text or Excel
Niño 3.4 Index, 460 Years, Wilson et al. 2010, Text or Excel
Niño 3 Index, 575 Years, Cook unpublished.
Niño 3 Index and Description, 330 Years, Mann et al. 2000.
ENSO Multiproxy Reconstructions, 450 Years, Braganza et al. 2009, Text or Excel
ENSO Multiproxy Event Reconstructions, 470 Years, Gergis and Fowler 2009, Text or Excel
ENSO Index Reconstruction, 1,100 Years, Li et al. 2011, Text or Excel
El Niño Events, 500 Years, Quinn and Neal 1983.
Southern Oscillation Index, 270 Years, Stahle et al. 1998.
Southern Oscillation Index, 2000 Years, Yan et al. 2011, Text or Excel
Fiji-Tonga Interdecadal-Decadal Pacific Oscillation Index, 350 Years, Linsley et al. 2008, Text or Excel σ
Unified ENSO Proxy Reconstruction, 350 Years, McGregor et al. 2010, Text or Excel.
Atlantic
Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation Index, 420 Years, Gray et al. 2004.
North Atlantic Oscillation Index, 600 Years, Cook et al. 2002.
North Atlantic Oscillation Index, 280 Years, Cook et al. 1998.
Summer North Atlantic Oscillation Index, 300 Years, Folland et al. 2009, Text or Excel
North Atlantic Oscillation Index, 218 Years, Goodkin et al. 2010, Text or Excel
North Atlantic Oscillation Index, 550 Years, Glueck and Stockton 2001.
North Atlantic Oscillation Index, 500 Years, Luterbacher et al. 2002.
North Atlantic Oscillation Index, 275 Years, Timm et al. 2004, Text or Excel format.
North Atlantic Oscillation Index, 950 Years, Trouet et al. 2009.
North Atlantic Oscillation Index, Southern Oscillation Index, 1000 Years, Jones et al. 2001.
North Atlantic, Europe, and Mediterranean Sea Level Pressure Reconstruction, 250 Years, Küttel et al. 2009.
Eastern North Atlantic-European Sea Level Pressure Reconstruction, and Data Visualization, 500 Years, Luterbacher et al. 2002.
Climap 18K Sea Surface Temperature map

Sea Surface Temperature

Global LGM SST and Description, 18,000 YBP, Mix et al. 1999.
Global Sea Surface Temperature, Holocene/Modern, Bollmann et al. 2002.
Global Gridded LGM Sea Surface Temperature and Salinity, Description, and Data Visualization, 18,000 Years Before Present, Paul and Schäfer-Neth 2003.
Global Gridded LGM Sea Surface Temperature, Description, and Data Visualization, 18,000 YBP, Hostetler and Mix 1999.
Global CLIMAP LGM Sea Surface Temperature, 18,000 Years Before Present, CLIMAP Members 1981.
Southern Ocean Sea Surface Temperature, 200,000 Years, Brathauer et al. 1999.
Southern Ocean Sea Surface Temperature, 290,000 Years, Mashiotta et al. 1999.
Southern Ocean SST and Sea Ice Presence, 288,000 years, Crosta et al. 2004, Text or Excel.
Southern Ocean SST and Sea Ice Presence, 12,500 years, Nielsen et al. 2004, Text or Excel.
Southern Ocean Sea Surface Temperature, 160,000 years, Pahnke and Sachs 2006, Text or Excel.
Southern Ocean, South Australia SST, 30,000 years, Calvo et al. 2007, Text or Excel.
Southern Ocean Miocene Sea Surface Temperature, 17 - 11 MYrBP, Shevenell et al. 2004, Text or Excel.
Atlantic/Pacific Bottom Water Temperature, 331,000 years, Martin et al. 2002, Text or Excel.
Tropical Sea Surface Temperature, 3,500,000 Years, Herbert et al. 2010, Text or Excel.
Tropical Sea Surface Temperature, 250 Years, Wilson et al. 2006.
Pacific
Pacific SST Reconstructions and Description, 400 Years, Evans et al. 2002 σ
Eastern Tropical Pacific Sea Surface Temperature, 1,830,000 Years, Liu and Herbert 2004.
Eastern Equatorial Pacific Sea Surface Temperature, 30,000 Years, Dubois et al. 2009, Text or Excel
Eastern Equatorial Pacific Sea Surface Temperature, 100,000 Years, Dubois et al. 2011, Text or Excel
Eastern Equatorial Pacific Subsurface Temperature, 5,880,000 Years, Ford et al. 2012
Eastern Equatorial Pacific Sea Surface Temperature, 36,000 Years, Kienast et al. 2006, Text or Excel
Eastern Equatorial Pacific Sea Surface Temperature, 5,089,000 Years, Lawrence et al. 2006, Text or Excel.
Eastern Equatorial Pacific Sea Surface Temperature, 13,000 Years, Marchitto et al. 2010, Text or Excel.
Eastern Equatorial Pacific Sea Surface Temperature & SSS, 90,000 Years, Leduc et al. 2007, Text or Excel.
Southeast Pacific Sea Surface Temperature, 25,000 - 10,000 Years BP, Lamy et al. 2007, Text or Excel.
Central Equatorial Pacific Niño 3.4 SST, 850 Years, Emile-Geay et al. 2013
Galápagos Sea Surface Temperature, 135,000 Years, Lea et al. 2006, Text or Excel.
Southwest Pacific Sea Surface Temperature, 1,185,000 Years, Crundwell et al. 2008.
Southwest Pacific Sea Surface Temperature, 340,000 Years, Pahnke et al. 2003.
Southwest Pacific LGM Sea Surface Temperature and Description, 18,000 YBP, Barrows et al. 2000.
Equatorial Pacific Sea Surface Temperature, 470,000 Years, Lea et al. 2000.
Equatorial Pacific Sea Surface Temperature, 1.5 - 0.5 MMYrBP, McClymont and Rosell-Melé 2006.
Western Tropical Pacific Sea Surface Temperature, 1,750,000 Years, de Garidel-Thoron et al. 2005
Western Tropical Pacific SST, 21,000 Years, Stott et al. 2007.
Western Tropical Pacific SST and Salinity, 15,000 Years, Stott et al. 2004, Text or Excel
Western Tropical Pacific SST, 67,000 Years, Stott et al. 2002, Text or Excel
Western Tropical Pacific SST, 1,340,000 Years, Medina-Elizalde and Lea 2005, Text or Excel
Western Pacific Warm Pool multiproxy SST, 21,000 Years, de Garidel-Thoron et al. 2007, Text or Excel
Western Pacific Warm Pool Makassar Strait SST and δ18Osw 14,000 Years, Linsley et al. 2010 σ
Indo-Pacific Warm Pool SST and δ18Osw, Text or Excel format, 40,000 Years, Mohtadi et al. 2010.
Indo-Pacific Warm Pool SST and SSS, Text or Excel format, 1,000 Years, Newton et al. 2006.
Indo-Pacific Warm Pool SST and δ18Osw, Text or Excel format, 2,000 Years, Oppo et al. 2009 σ
Indo-Pacific Warm Pool SST and fossil coral Sr/Ca, Text or Excel format, 7,500 Years, Abram et al. 2009 σ
Amédée, New Caledonia coral Sr/Ca SST, Text or Excel format, 350 Years, DeLong et al. 2012 σ
Coral Sea SST, Text or Excel format, 815,000 Years, Lawrence and Herbert 2005.
Coral Sea SST, Text or Excel format, 1,543,000 Years, Russon et al. 2010
Sea of Okhotsk alkenone SST, Text or Excel format, 120,000 Years, Harada et al. 2006.
Northwest Pacific alkenone SST, Text or Excel format, 144,000 Years, Yamamoto et al. 2005.
Okinawa Trough SST, 18,000 Years, Sun et al. 2005
South China Sea Alkenone SST Estimates, Plio-Pleistocene Intervals, Clemens et al. 2008, Text or Excel
South China Sea Alkenone Deglacial SST Estimates, 3,000-16,000 Years Before Present, Kienast et al. 2001
South China Sea Alkenone SST Estimates, Steinke et al. 2008, Text or Excel
South China Sea Coral Sr Data and SST Reconstruction, 100 Years, Sun et al. 2004
South China Sea Mg/Ca SST Estimates, Wei et al. 2007, Text or Excel
California Current Collapse, LGM, 18,000 Years Before Present, Herbert et al. 2001
California Current alkenone SST, 136,000 Years, Yamamoto et al. 2007, Text or Excel
Gulf of California Biogenic SST, 25 - 6 KYrBP, McClymont et al. 2012, Text or Excel
Guaymas and Cariaco Basin Alkenone SST, 300 Years, Goni et al. 2006
Northeast Pacific Geoduck/Tree Ring SST, 100 Years, Black et al. 2009, Text or Excel
Strait of Juan de Fuca SST, 155 Years, Strom et al. 2004
Rarotonga Sea Surface Temperature Reconstruction, 270 Years, Linsley et al. 2000.
Southern Peru-Chile Current Sea Surface Temperature Reconstruction, 8,000 Years, Lamy et al. 2002.
Southeast Pacific Sea Surface Temperature Reconstruction, 70,000 years, Kaiser et al. 2005.
Southern Peru-Chile Current Sea Surface Temperature Reconstruction, 50 KyrBP-8 KYr BP, Lamy et al. 2004.
Chilean Margin Alkenone SST, 33,000 Years, Kim et al. 2002, Text or Excel
Bay of Plenty, New Zealand, SST, 16,000 Years, Samson et al. 2005, Text or Excel σ
Tasmanian Gateway SST, 500,000 Years, Nürnberg et al. 2004, Text or Excel
Tasman Sea SST, 600,000 Years, Nürnberg and Groeneveld 2006, Text or Excel
South Tasman Rise SST, 155,000 Years, Sikes et al. 2009, Text or Excel
Great Barrier Reef Sea Surface Temperature Reconstruction, 440 Years, Wörheide 1998.
Vanuatu Sea Surface Temperature, 4200 Years Before Present, Correge et al. 2000.
Atlantic
Subpolar North Atlantic Holocene SST, 11,000 - 500 YrBP, Came et al. 2007, Text or Excel
Subpolar North Atlantic SST, 191,000 years, Oppo et al. 2006, Text or Excel
Subpolar North Atlantic Holocene SST, 11,800 years, Thornalley et al. 2009, Text or Excel
Subpolar North Atlantic Alkenone SST, 2,000 years, Sicre et al. 2011, Text or Excel
Subpolar North Atlantic Reykjanes Ridge Diatom August SST, 230 Years, Miettinen et al. 2011, Text or Excel
North Icelandic Shelf alkenone SST, 10,170 Years, Bendle and Rosell-Melé 2007, Text or Excel
North Iceland Shelf Holocene Diatom August SST, 11,500 Years, Justwan et al. 2008, Text or Excel
North Atlantic Sea Surface Temperature, 107,000 Years, Bard 2002.
North Atlantic alkenone SST, 3,200,000 Years, Lawrence et al. 2010, Text or Excel
North Atlantic Sea Surface Temperature and Salinity, 59,000 - 45,000 Years Before Present, Schmidt et al. 2006.
North Atlantic 8200BP Event Summer and Winter SST, 9,200 - 7,200 YrBP, Ellison et al. 2006, Text or Excel
Northeast North Atlantic Faunal SST, 56 - 40 KYrBP, Dickson et al. 2008, Text or Excel σ
Northeast North Atlantic Younger Dryas SST/SSS, 13 - 10 KYrBP, Ebbesen and Hald 2004, Text or Excel
Northeast North Atlantic Alkenone SST, 4,012,000 Years, Lawrence et al. 2009, Text or Excel
Northeast North Atlantic Feni Drift Mg/Ca SST, 2,400 Years, Richter et al. 2009, Text or Excel
Emerald Basin Alkenone SST, 1600 years, Keigwin et al. 2003, Text or Excel.
Gulf of Maine, 1000 years, Wanamaker et al. 2008, Text or Excel.
Chesapeake Bay Spring Temperature, 2,200 Years, Cronin et al. 2003.
Subtropical North Atlantic Sea Surface Temperature, 60 - 30 KYrBP, Sachs and Lehman 1999, Text or Excel.
Subtropical Atlantic Sea Surface Temperature, 23,000 Years, deMenocal et al. 2000.
Tropical Atlantic Sea Surface Temperature, 29,000 Years, Rühlemann et al. 1999.
Southeast Atlantic Sea Surface Temperature, 41 - 10 KYrBP, Sachs et al. 2001, Text or Excel.
Eastern South Atlantic Alkenone SST, 21,000 Years, Kim et al. 2002, Text or Excel.
Angola-Benguela Front Alkenone SST, 25,000 Years, Kim et al. 2003, Text or Excel
Equatorial East Atlantic SST/SSS, 155,000 Years, Weldeab et al. 2007.
Equatorial East Atlantic SST, SSS, and δ18Osw, text or Excel format, 21,000 Years, Weldeab et al. 2005.
Equatorial East Atlantic SST, 275,000 Years, Nürnberg et al. 2000.
South-east Atlantic Sea Surface Temperature, 1.5 - 0.5 MMYrBP, McClymont et al. 2005.
Alboran Sea, Western Mediterranean Sea Surface Temperature, 52 KYrBP, Cacho et al. 1999, Text or Excel.
Western Mediterranean Sea Surface Temperature, 52 KYrBP, Cacho et al. 2001, Text or Excel.
Equatorial Atlantic Sea Surface Temperature and Description, 30,000 Years, Sikes and Keigwin 1994.
Equatorial and North Atlantic SST and Description, 125,000 Years, Waelbroeck et al. 1998 σ
Western Tropical Atlantic SST, SSS, and δ18Osw, text or Excel format, 21,000 Years, Weldeab et al. 2006.
Bahamas Coral SST, 450 Years, Saenger et al. 2009, Text or Excel σ
Florida Straits Mg/Ca SST and δ18Osw, 20,000 Years, Schmidt et al. 2011, Text or Excel.
Orca Basin, Gulf of Mexico, 44 - 28 KYrBP, Hill et al. 2006, Text or Excel.
Orca Basin, Gulf of Mexico, 10.5 - 7 KYrBP SST, LoDico et al. 2006, Text or Excel.
Orca Basin, Gulf of Mexico, 18 - 10 KYrBP, Williams et al. 2010, Text or Excel.
Guaymas and Cariaco Basin Alkenone SST, 300 Years, Goni et al. 2006
Cariaco Basin Sea Surface Temperature, 25,000 Years, Lea et al. 2003.
Cariaco Basin Sea Surface Temperature, 800 years, Black et al. 2007, Text or Excel.
Northeast Caribbean Sea Surface Temperature, 1,950 Years, Nyberg et al. 2002 σ
Northeast Caribbean Sea Surface Temperature, 300 Years, Winter et al. 2000.
Western Caribbean Sea Surface Temperature, 475,000 Years, Schmidt et al. 2006.
Yucatan SST, 230 Years, Vásquez-Bedoya et al. 2012, Text or Excel
Subantarctic Atlantic SST, 1,100,000 Years, Martínez-Garcia et al. 2009, Text or Excel
Subpolar Atlantic SST, 3,600,000 Years, Martínez-Garcia et al. 2010, Text or Excel
Indian
Arabian Sea Surface Temperature Patterns, 20,000 Years, Dahl and Oppo 2006, Text or Excel format.
E. Tropical Indian Ocean Surface and Thermocline Temperature, 133,000 Years, Mohtadi et al. 2010, text or Excel
Indian Ocean Sea Surface Temperature, 131,000 Years, Saraswat et al. 2005, Text or Excel format.
Indian Ocean Sea Surface Temperature, 171,000 Years, Bard et al. 1997.
North American 18K ice extent and biome distribution map

Other

Earth Surface Conditions
Alaska Palaeo-Glacier Atlas (Version 2), 70,000 Years, Kaufman et al. 2011
Global Ice Topography, 21,000 Years, Peltier 1994.
Global Ice Coverage, 21,000 Years, Peltier 1994.
Upper Grindelwald Glacier Fluctuations, 9,000 Years, Luetscher et al. 2011
Global Relative Sea Level Histories, 21,000 Years, Peltier and Tushingham 1992.
North American Vegetation, 18,000 Years Before Present, Overpeck et al. 1992.
European Vegetation (BIOME6000), 6000 Years Before Present, Prentice et al. 1996.
Tahiti Relative Sea Level History, 13,000 Years, Bard et al. 1996.
Red Sea Sea Level, Text or Excel format, 380,000 Years, Siddall et al. 2003.
Red Sea Relative Sea Level, 150,000 Years, Grant et al. 2012
Sea Level and Deep Water Temperature, Text or Excel format, 430,000 Years, Waelbroeck et al. 2002 σ
Millennial-Scale Sea Level, Text or Excel format, 83,000 - 13,000 Years BP, Arz et al. 2007.
Southwest Pacific pH, 300 Years, Pelejero et al. 2005.
Miscellaneous
Western North Atlantic Intense Hurricane Activity, 5,000 Years, Donnelly and Woodruff 2007.
Atlantic Tropical Cyclone Activity, 1,500 Years, Mann et al. 2009.
Estimated Number of Major Atlantic Hurricanes and Vertical Windshear, 260 Years, Nyberg et al. 2007.
"Climate Since AD 1500" Collected reconstructions, 500 Years, Bradley and Jones 1992.
Fennoscandia Summer Sunshine, Text or Excel, 1,100 Years, Gagen et al. 2011 σ
Torneträsk, Sweden Tree Ring d13C Sunshine, 1,100 Years, Loader et al. 2013

Dividing Line
Privacy Policy information Open Access Climate Data Policy link USA logo Disclaimer information
Dividing Line
http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/paleo/recons.html
Downloaded Thursday, 01-Aug-2013 10:34:03 EDT
Last Updated Tuesday, 25-Jun-2013 12:25:56 EDT by paleo@noaa.gov
Please see the Paleoclimatology Contact Page or the NCDC Contact Page if you have questions or comments.