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Timing and climatic impact of Greenland interstadials recorded in stalagmites from northern Turkey
Geophysical Research Letters
Vol. 36, L19707, doi:10.1029/2009GL040050
D. Fleitmann1,2, H. Cheng3, S. Badertscher1,2,
R.L. Edwards3, M. Mudelsee4,
O.M. Göktürk1,2, A. Fankhauser1,
R. Pickering1, C.C. Raible2,5, A. Matter1,
J. Kramers1, and O. Tüysüz6.
1 Institute of Geological Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
2 Oeschger Centre for Climate Change Research, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
3 Department of Geology and Geophysics, University of Minnesota-Twin Cities, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
4 Climate Risk Analysis, Hannover, Germany
5 Climate and Environmental Physics, Physics Institute, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
6 Eurasia Institute of Earth Sciences, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
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ABSTRACT:
A 50 kyr-long exceptionally well-dated and highly resolved
stalagmite oxygen (δ18O) and carbon (δ13C) isotope record from
Sofular Cave in northwestern Turkey helps to further improve
the dating of Greenland Interstadials (GI) 1, and 3-12.
Timing of most GI in the Sofular record is consistent
within ±10 to 300 years with the "iconic" Hulu Cave record.
Larger divergences (>500 years) between Sofular and Hulu
are only observed for GI 4 and 7. The Sofular record differs
from the most recent NGRIP chronology by up to several centuries,
whereas age offsets do not increase systematically with depth.
The Sofular record also reveals a rapid and sensitive climate
and ecosystem response in the eastern Mediterranean to GI,
whereas a phase lag of ~100 years between climate and full
ecosystem response is evident. Finally, results of spectral
analyses of the Sofular isotope records do not support
a 1,470-year pacing of GI.
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