| ABSTRACT: We describe the development of a tree-ring chronology network in Nepal that is suitable for reconstructing temperature-related climate forcing over the past few hundred years. The network is composed of 32 tree-ring chronologies and is represented by five indigenous tree species. An empirical orthogonal function analysis of the chronologies over the common interval 1796-92 indicates the existence of coherent large-scale signals among the tree-ring chronologies that are hypothesized to reflect, in part, broad-scale climate forcing related to temperatures. A long monthly temperature record for Kathmandu is developed and used to test this hypothesis. In so doing, significant monthly and seasonal temperature responses are identified that provide guidance for the formal reconstruction of two temperature seasons: February-June (1546-91) and October-February (1605-91). Each reconstruction indicates the occurrence of unusually cold temperatures in 1815-22, which coincides with the eruption of Tambora in Indonesia. A novel method is also used to add probable missing multi-centennial temperature variance to each reconstruction. The resulting adjusted reconstructions strongly reflect patterns of temperature variability associated with Little Ice Age cooling and warming into the 20th century, with the October-February season exhibiting the strongest increase in temperature over the past 400 years. Only the October-February season shows any evidence for late- 20th century warming, whereas February-June temperatures have actually cooled since 1960 (as with the observational series). |
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Tree Ring Data:
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International Tree Ring Data Bank at the WDC Paleo
|
Name |
ID |
Species |
Lat. |
Long. |
Elev.m. |
FYOD |
LYOD |
Age |
|
GLAS |
Abies spectabilus |
29.500 |
82.000 |
3330 |
1530 |
1997 |
468 |
|
|
KY2AS |
Abies spectabilus |
29.500 |
82.010 |
3330 |
1602 |
1997 |
396 |
|
|
AGAS |
Abies spectabilus |
29.480 |
82.080 |
3450 |
1530 |
1997 |
468 |
|
|
GLZAS |
Abies spectabilus |
29.500 |
82.080 |
3450 |
1741 |
1979 |
239 |
|
|
PHAS |
Abies spectabilus |
28.531 |
83.696 |
2950 |
1872 |
1993 |
122 |
|
|
DLAS |
Abies spectabilus |
28.554 |
83.732 |
1830 |
1395 |
1997 |
603 |
|
|
MAAS |
Abies spectabilus |
28.580 |
84.250 |
2900 |
1590 |
1979 |
390 |
|
|
BNAS |
Abies spectabilus |
28.040 |
85.100 |
3116 |
1726 |
1996 |
271 |
|
|
CDAS |
Abies spectabilus |
27.677 |
86.259 |
3000 |
1546 |
1998 |
453 |
|
|
CHAS |
Abies spectabilus |
27.696 |
86.271 |
3300 |
1689 |
1998 |
310 |
|
|
DDAS |
Abies spectabilus |
27.722 |
86.330 |
3500 |
1754 |
1998 |
245 |
|
|
BHAS |
Abies spectabilus |
27.672 |
86.415 |
3600 |
1625 |
1998 |
374 |
|
|
KAAS |
Abies spectabilus |
27.750 |
86.600 |
3720 |
1725 |
1978 |
254 |
|
|
LAAS |
Abies spectabilus |
27.580 |
86.880 |
3020 |
1800 |
1979 |
180 |
|
|
NKAS |
Abies spectabilus |
27.772 |
87.148 |
3250 |
1672 |
1996 |
325 |
|
|
KKAS |
Abies spectabilus |
27.654 |
87.150 |
2900 |
1712 |
1993 |
282 |
|
|
RDAS |
Abies spectabilus |
27.736 |
87.190 |
3630 |
1509 |
1996 |
488 |
|
|
MUAS |
Abies spectabilus |
27.703 |
87.211 |
3200 |
1546 |
1996 |
451 |
|
|
BRAS |
Abies spectabilus |
27.750 |
87.283 |
2970 |
1683 |
1996 |
314 |
|
|
LBAS |
Abies spectabilus |
27.510 |
87.910 |
3276 |
1561 |
1999 |
439 |
|
|
GHAS |
Abies spectabilus |
27.635 |
87.940 |
3740 |
1525 |
1999 |
475 |
|
|
DDJS |
Juniperus recurva |
27.724 |
86.331 |
3500 |
1445 |
1998 |
554 |
|
|
BHJS |
Juniperus recurva |
27.667 |
86.405 |
3600 |
1417 |
1998 |
582 |
|
|
BCPC |
Populus ciliata |
28.530 |
84.328 |
2270 |
1824 |
1994 |
171 |
|
|
TNPR |
Pinus roxburghii |
29.080 |
81.830 |
2080 |
1650 |
1979 |
330 |
|
|
NGPR |
Pinus roxburghii |
27.750 |
85.250 |
1420 |
1878 |
1996 |
119 |
|
|
BTPR |
Pinus roxburghii |
27.660 |
85.400 |
1320 |
1880 |
1996 |
117 |
|
|
KY3PS |
Picea smithiana |
29.500 |
82.030 |
3480 |
1671 |
1997 |
327 |
|
|
RGPS |
Picea smithiana |
29.580 |
82.083 |
3000 |
1655 |
1979 |
325 |
|
|
ABPW |
Pinus wallichiana |
28.760 |
83.656 |
3000 |
1803 |
1993 |
191 |
|
|
BTPW |
Pinus wallichiana |
28.590 |
84.184 |
3095 |
1796 |
1994 |
199 |
|
|
DLTD |
Tsuga dumosa |
28.554 |
83.732 |
1830 |
1727 |
1997 |
271 |
|
|
SATD |
Tsuga dumosa |
28.040 |
85.000 |
2910 |
1605 |
1996 |
392 |
|
|
LTTD |
Tsuga dumosa |
28.183 |
85.430 |
2670 |
1559 |
1994 |
436 |
|
|
TRTD |
Tsuga dumosa |
27.57 |
86.570 |
2950 |
1612 |
1994 |
383 |
|
|
LKTD |
Tsuga dumosa |
27.772 |
87.260 |
2880 |
856 |
1996 |
1141 |
|
|
BRTD |
Tsuga dumosa |
27.750 |
87.283 |
2970 |
1681 |
1996 |
316 |
|
|
AHTD |
Tsuga dumosa |
27.743 |
87.299 |
2940 |
1702 |
1996 |
295 |
|
|
YKTD |
Tsuga dumosa |
27.505 |
87.900 |
3033 |
1500 |
1999 |
500 |
|
|
KYUW |
Ulmnus wallichiana |
29.510 |
82.030 |
2760 |
1566 |
1997 |
432 |
|
To read or view the full study, please visit the
Wiley InterScience website. It was published in International Journal of Climatology, v. 23, Issue 7, pp. 707-732, 15 June 2003. |
|
Contact Us National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration 9 June 2003
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