NOAA KLM User's GuideAppendix J |
Each instrument onboard the NOAA KLM and NOAA-N,N'series of spacecraft has it's own unique scanning properties. This appendix contains a table of parameters (Table J-1) for the scanning instruments on the TIROS-N through NOAA-14 series (the TIROS-N series), and a table for the instruments on NOAA KLM and NOAA-N,N'(Table J-2). It should be noted that the AVHRR instrument scans from the anti-Sun side to the Sun side; i.e., from right to left when facing in the direction of satellite motion. All other instruments scan in the opposite direction.
The SEM and DCS/2 instruments have not been included in this appendix, because neither instrument scans. The SEM has fixed FOVs and the DCS/2 is a passive instrument acting as a transponder. Technically, the SBUV/2 instrument does not scan, but is a nadir viewing instrument. However, a brief section (J.4) is included describing how it looks at the earth through a sequence of 12 wavelength changes.
In addition, this appendix contains a section for each instrument with figures showing the scan motion.
| Parameter | AVHRR/2 | HIRS/2 & 2I (see Note 7) |
SSU | MSU |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| IFOV (Degrees) | 0.0745 | HIRS/2: 1.22 HIRS/2I: 1.40 |
10 | 7.5 |
| Full scan period (seconds) | 0.1667 | 6.4 | 32 | 25.6 |
| Earth View | ||||
| Total number of earth view steps | 2048 | 56 | 8 | 11 |
| center to center FOV step angle (Degrees) | 0.0541 | 1.8 | 10 | 9.4737 |
| Max scan angle (Degrees from Nadir to the center of outer earth FOV) | 55.37 | 49.5 | 35 | 47.3685 |
| Total earth view time (msec) | 51.2 | 5600 (see Note 1) |
32000 (see Note 6) |
20823 |
| FOV integration time + dead time (msec) (See Note 8) |
0.025 | 100 | 4000 | 1893 |
| Integration period/FOV (msec) | 0.025 | Channel 1=5.1; Channels 2-12=1.8; Channels 13-20=4.5. |
3600 | 1820 |
| Initial offset time from TIP to start of integration period (msec) (see Note 4) | 2.529 | 20.4 | 400 | 0 |
| Difference between the TIP start to center of integration period of first FOV (msec) | 2.5415 | 23.0 | 2200 | 910 |
| Rotational rate during integration | 6 cycles/sec | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Space View | ||||
| Space view time (msec) | 0.250 | 4800 (see Note 2) |
15600 (see Note 6) |
1820 |
| Number of samples | 10 | 48 | 4 | 1 |
| Integration time/sample (msec) | 0.025 | Channel 1=5.1; Channels 2-12=1.8; Channels 13-20=4.5. |
3600 | 1820 |
| Total integration time (msec) | 0.250 | 216 | 14400 | 1820 |
| Internal Calibration Target (ICT) View(s) | ||||
| Internal calibration target(s) view time (msec) | 0.250 | Cold: 5600 (see Note 3) Warm: 5600 (see Note 3) |
15600 (see Note 6) |
1820 |
| Number of samples | 10 | 56 | 4 | 1 |
| Integration time/sample (msec) | 0.025 | 4.5 | 3600 | 1820 |
| Total integration time (msec) | 0.250 | 256 | 14400 | 1820 |
| Ground Resolution (see Note 5) | ||||
| IFOV diameter at nadir (km) | 1.1 | HIRS/2: 17.7 HIRS/2I: 20.4 |
147.5 | 109.9 |
| IFOV at center of outer FOV (km) | 6.2 x 2.3 | HIRS/2: 59.5 x 30.4 HIRS/2I: 68.3 x 34.8 |
243.9 x 183.4 | 356.4 x 175.8 |
| Half Swath Width (see Note 5) | ||||
| Nadir to center of outer FOV (km) | 1460.2 | HIRS/2: 1089.4 HIRS/2I: 1089.4 |
604.2 | 816.8 |
| Nadir to far edge of outer FOV (km) | 1463.3 | HIRS/2: 1119.8 HIRS/2I: 1124.4 |
736.3 | 1173.2 |
| Notes: 1 The earth view steps rapidly, then holds at each position while the 20 filter segments are sampled. Multispectral data from one visible, seven shortwave, and twelve longwave are obtained. 2 The space views position is held while the 20 filter segments are sampled 48 sequential times. 3 The ICT view positions are held while the 20 filter segments are sampled 56 sequential times. 4 Time offsets from TIP first major frame time to the center of the first FOV when all instruments are at the beginning of scan (every 128 seconds). 5 All earth dimensions are based on a 833 km height above a spherical earth of radius 6371.22 km. 6 The space and ICT view sequences are performed every 256 seconds and last 32 seconds. This is followed by 7 cycles of earth view sequences (each lasting 32 seconds). 7 HIRS/2I was flown on NOAA-14 only. 8 Dead time is defined as the non-integration time needed for reflector slewing and/or transferring of data. |
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| Parameter | AVHRR/3 | HIRS/3 | HIRS/4 | AMSU | MHS | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| -A1 | -A2 | -B | |||||
| IFOV (Degrees) | 0.0745 | 1.40 | 0.69 | 3.3 | 3.3 | 1.1 | 1.1 |
| Full scan period (seconds) | 0.1667 | 6.4 | 6.4 | 8 | 8 | 2.67 | 2.67 |
| Earth View | |||||||
| Total number of earth view steps | 2048 | 56 | 56 | 30 | 30 | 90 | 90 |
| FOV Step angle (Degrees) | 0.0541 (see Note 6) |
1.8 | 1.8 | 31/3 | 31/3 | 1.1 | 1.1111 |
| Max scan angle (Degrees from Nadir to the center of outer earth FOV) | 55.37 (see Note 6) |
49.5 | 49.5 | 48.33 | 48.33 | 48.95 | 49.4444 |
| Total earth view time (msec) | 51.2 | 5600 (see Note 1) |
5600 (see Note 1) |
6075 | 6075 | 1620 | 1710 |
| FOV integration time + dead time (msec) (see Note 7) |
0.025 | 100 | 100 | 202.5 | 202.5 | 19 | 19 |
| Integration period/FOV (msec) | 0.025 | Channel 1=5.1; Channels 2-12=1.8; Channels 13-20=4.5. |
Channel 1=5.1; Channels 2-12=1.8; Channels 13-20=4.5. |
165 | 158 | 18 | 19 |
| Initial offset time from TIP to start of integration period (msec) (see Note 4) |
2.529 | 20.4 | 20.4 | 3.55 | 3.26 | -9 | -38 (see Note 8) |
| Difference between the TIP to center of integration period of first FOV (msec) | 2.5415 | 23.0 | 23 | 86.05 | 82.26 | 9 | -28.5 |
| Rotational rate during integration | 6 cycles/sec | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 rad/sec | 1 rad/sec |
| Space View | |||||||
| Space view time (msec) | 0.250 | 4800 (see Note 2) |
4800 (see Note 2) |
365 | 365 | 75 | 76 |
| Number of integration samples | 10 | 48 | 48 | 2 | 2 | 4 | 4 |
| Integration time (msec) | 0.025 | Channel 1=5.1; Channels 2-12=1.8; Channels 13-20=4.5. |
Channel 1=5.1; Channels 2-12=1.8; Channels 13-20=4.5. |
165 | 158 | 18 | 19 |
| Total integration time (msec) | 0.250 | 216 | 216 | 330 | 316 | 72 | 76 |
| Internal Calibration Target (ICT) View | |||||||
| Internal calibration target view time (msec) | 0.250 | 5600 (see Note 3) |
5600 (see Note 3) |
365 | 365 | 75 | 76 |
| Number of integration dwells | 10 | 56 | 56 | 2 | 2 | 4 | 4 |
| Integration time/dwell (msec) | 0.025 | Channel 1=5.1; Channels 2-12=1.8; Channels 13-20=4.5. |
Channel 1=5.1; Channels 2-12=1.8; Channels 13-20=4.5. |
165 | 158 | 18 | 19 |
| Total integration time (msec) | 0.250 | 252 | 252 | 330 | 316 | 72 | 76 |
| Ground Resolution (see Note 5) | |||||||
| IFOV diameter at nadir (km) | 1.1 | 20.4 | 10.2 | 48.05 | 48.05 | 16.0 | 16 |
| IFOV at center of outer FOV (km) | 6.24 x 2.3 | 68.3 x 34.8 | 34.15 x 17.4 | 149.1 x 79.4 | 149.1 x 79.4 | 51.6 x 26.9 | 51.6 x 26.9 |
| Half Swath Width (see Note 5) | |||||||
| Nadir to center of outer FOV (km) | 1460.2 | 1089.4 | 1089.4 | 1034.8 | 1034.8 | 1063.1 | ? |
| Nadir to far edge of outer FOV (km) | 1463.3 | 1124.4 | 1107.325 | 1113.4 | 1113.4 | 1089.4 | ? |
| Notes: 1. The earth view steps rapidly, then holds at each position while the 20 filter segments are sampled. Multispectral data from one visible, seven shortwave, and twelve longwave are obtained. 2. The space views position is held while the 20 filter segments are sampled 48 sequential times. 3. The ICT view position are held while the 20 filter segments are sampled 56 sequential times. 4. Time offsets from TIP first major frame time to the center of the first FOV when all instruments are at the beginning of scan (every 128 seconds). 5. All earth dimensions are based on a 833 km height above a spherical earth of radius 6371.22 km. 6. NOAA-16 has a max scan angle of 55.25 degrees with a step angle of 0.053981436 degrees. 7. Dead time is defined as the non-integration time needed for reflector slewing and/or transferring of data. 8. MHS data is delayed 2 scan periods for data handling overhead prior to the TIP time stamp. |
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