NOAA KLM USER'S GUIDE Section 8.3.1.4.3.1

8.3.1.4.3.1 NOAA KLM Format (Version 2, pre-April 28, 2005)

The format for packed GAC data sets for NOAA KLM (Version 2, pre-April 28, 2005) is documented in Table 8.3.1.4.3.1-1. However, this format is inconvenient for data processing.

Table 8.3.1.4.3.1-1. Format of packed GAC Data Record for NOAA KLM (Version 2, pre-April 28, 2005).
Field Name	Start Octet	End Octet	Data Type	Word Size	Number of Words	Scale Factor	Units	Notes
SCAN LINE INFORMATION
Scan Line Number (cumulative, starting with 1)	1	2	u	2	1	0
Scan Line Year (e.g., 1999)	3	4	u	2	1	0
Scan Line Day of Year (e.g., 365)	5	6	u	2	1	0
Satellite Clock Drift Delta	7	8	i	2	1	0	milliseconds
Scan Line UTC Time of Day	9	12	u	4	1	0	milliseconds
Scan Line Bit Field bit 15: 0 = northbound data; 1 = southbound data bit 14: 1 = scan time corrected for clock drift bits 13-2: <zero fill> bits 1-0: channel 3 select (0 = 3b; 1 = 3a; 2 = transition)	13	14	u	2	1	0
<Zero Fill>	15	24	i	2	5	0
QUALITY INDICATORS
Quality Indicator Bit Field (If a bit is on (=1) then the statement is true.) bit 31: do not use scan for product generation bit 30: time sequence error detected within this scan (see below) bit 29: data gap precedes this scan bit 28: insufficient data for calibration (see below) bit 27: earth location data not available (see below) bit 26: first good time following a clock update (nominally 0) bit 25: instrument status changed with this scan bit 24: sync lock dropped during this frame bit 23: frame sync word error greater than zero bit 22: frame sync previously dropped lock bit 21: flywheeling detected during this frame bit 20: bit slippage detected during this frame bits 19-9: <zero fill> bit 8: TIP parity error detected bits 7-6: reflected sunlight detected ch 3b (0 = no anomaly; 1 = anomaly; 3 = unsure) bits 5-4: reflected sunlight detected ch 4 (0 = no anomaly; 1 = anomaly; 3 = unsure) bits 3-2: reflected sunlight detected ch 5 (0 = no anomaly; 1 = anomaly; 3 = unsure) bit 1: resync occurred on this frame bit 0: pseudo noise occurred on this frame	25	28	u	4	1	0
Scan Line Quality Flags (If a bit is on (=1) then the statement is true. Time Problem Code (All bits off implies the scan time is as expected.) bits 31-24: <zero fill> bit 23: time field is bad but can probably be inferred from the previous good time. bit 22: time field is bad and can't be inferred from the previous good time. bit 21: this record starts a sequence that is inconsistent with previous times (i.e., there is a time discontinuity). This may or may not be associated with a spacecraft clock update. (See bit 26, Quality Indicator Bit Field) bit 20: start of a sequence that apparently repeats scan times that have been previously accepted. bits 19-16: <zero fill> Calibration Problem Code (Note these bits complement the channel indicators; all bits set to 0 indicates normal calibration.) bit 15: scan line was not calibrated because of bad time. bit 14: scan line was calibrated using fewer than the preferred number of scan lines because of proximity to start or end of data set or to a data gap. bit 13: scan line was not calibrated because of bad or insufficient PRT data. bit 12: scan line was calibrated but with marginal PRT data. bit 11: some uncalibrated channels on this scan (see channel indicators) bits 10-8: <zero fill> Earth Location Problem Code (All bits set to 0 implies the earth location was normal.) bit 7: not earth located because of bad time; earth location fields zero filled. bit 6: earth location questionable because of questionable time code. (See time problem flags above). bit 5: earth location questionable -- only marginal agreement with reasonableness check. bit 4: earth location questionable -- fails reasonableness check. bits 3-0: <zero fill>	29	32	u	4	1	0
Calibration Quality Flags (All bits off implies a good calibration.) Word 1: Channel 3b bits 15 - 8: <zero fill> bit 7: this channel is not calibrated bit 6: this channel is calibrated but questionable bit 5: all bad blackbody counts for scan line bit 4: all bad space view counts for scan line bit 3: <zero fill> bit 2: marginal blackbody view counts for this line bit 1: marginal space view counts for this line bit 0: <zero fill> Word 2: Channel 4 Word 3: Channel 5	33	38	u	2	3	0
Count of Bit Errors in Frame Sync	39	40	u	2	1	0
<Zero Fill>	41	48	i	4	2	0
CALIBRATION COEFFICIENTS
Visible Operational Cal Ch 1 Slope 1	49	52	i	4	1	7
Visible Operational Cal Ch 1 Intercept 1	53	56	i	4	1	6
Visible Operational Cal Ch 1 Slope 2	57	60	i	4	1	7
Visible Operational Cal Ch 1 Intercept 2	61	64	i	4	1	6
Visible Operational Cal Ch 1 Intersection	65	68	i	4	1	0
Visible Test Cal Ch 1 Slope 1	69	72	i	4	1	7
Visible Test Cal Ch 1 Intercept 1	73	76	i	4	1	6
Visible Test Cal Ch 1 Slope 2	77	80	i	4	1	7
Visible Test Cal Ch 1 Intercept 2	81	84	i	4	1	6
Visible Test Cal Ch 1 Intersection	85	88	i	4	1	0
Visible Prelaunch Cal Ch 1 Slope 1	89	92	i	4	1	7
Visible Prelaunch Cal Ch 1 Intercept 1	93	96	i	4	1	6
Visible Prelaunch Cal Ch 1 Slope 2	97	100	i	4	1	7
Visible Prelaunch Cal Ch 1 Intercept 2	101	104	i	4	1	6
Visible Prelaunch Cal Ch 1 Intersection	105	108	i	4	1	0
Visible Operational Cal Ch 2 Slope 1	109	112	i	4	1	7
Visible Operational Cal Ch 2 Intercept 1	113	116	i	4	1	6
Visible Operational Cal Ch 2 Slope 2	117	120	i	4	1	7
Visible Operational Cal Ch 2 Intercept 2	121	124	i	4	1	6
Visible Operational Cal Ch 2 Intersection	125	128	i	4	1	0
Visible Test Cal Ch 2 Slope 1	129	132	i	4	1	7
Visible Test Cal Ch 2 Intercept 1	133	136	i	4	1	6
Visible Test Cal Ch 2 Slope 2	137	140	i	4	1	7
Visible Test Cal Ch 2 Intercept 2	141	144	i	4	1	6
Visible Test Cal Ch 2 Intersection	145	148	i	4	1	0
Visible Prelaunch Cal Ch 2 Slope 1	149	152	i	4	1	7
Visible Prelaunch Cal Ch 2 Intercept 1	153	156	i	4	1	6
Visible Prelaunch Cal Ch 2 Slope 2	157	160	i	4	1	7
Visible Prelaunch Cal Ch 2 Intercept 2	161	164	i	4	1	6
Visible Prelaunch Cal Ch 2 Intersection	165	168	i	4	1	0
Visible Operational Cal Ch 3a Slope 1	169	172	i	4	1	7
Visible Operational Cal Ch 3a Intercept 1	173	176	i	4	1	6
Visible Operational Cal Ch 3a Slope 2	177	180	i	4	1	7
Visible Operational Cal Ch 3a Intercept 2	181	184	i	4	1	6
Visible Operational Cal Ch 3a Intersection	185	188	i	4	1	0
Visible Test Cal Ch 3a Slope 1	189	192	i	4	1	7
Visible Test Cal Ch 3a Intercept 1	193	196	i	4	1	6
Visible Test Cal Ch 3a Slope 2	197	200	i	4	1	7
Visible Test Cal Ch 3a Intercept 2	201	204	i	4	1	6
Visible Test Cal Ch 3a Intersection	205	208	i	4	1	0
Visible Prelaunch Cal Ch 3a Slope 1	209	212	i	4	1	7
Visible Prelaunch Cal Ch 3a Intercept 1	213	216	i	4	1	6
Visible Prelaunch Cal Ch 3a Slope 2	217	220	i	4	1	7
Visible Prelaunch Cal Ch 3a Intercept 2	221	224	i	4	1	6
Visible Prelaunch Cal Ch 3a Intersection	225	228	i	4	1	0
IR Operational Cal Ch 3b Coefficient 1	229	232	i	4	1	6
IR Operational Cal Ch 3b Coefficient 2	233	236	i	4	1	6
IR Operational Cal Ch 3b Coefficient 3	237	240	i	4	1	6
IR Test Cal Ch 3b Coefficient 1	241	244	i	4	1	6
IR Test Cal Ch 3b Coefficient 2	245	248	i	4	1	6
IR Test Cal Ch 3b Coefficient 3	249	252	i	4	1	6
IR Operational Cal Ch 4 Coefficient 1	253	256	i	4	1	6
IR Operational Cal Ch 4 Coefficient 2	257	260	i	4	1	6
IR Operational Cal Ch 4 Coefficient 3	261	264	i	4	1	6
IR Test Cal Ch 4 Coefficient 1	265	268	i	4	1	6
IR Test Cal Ch 4 Coefficient 2	269	272	i	4	1	6
IR Test Cal Ch 4 Coefficient 3	273	276	i	4	1	6
IR Operational Cal Ch 5 Coefficient 1	277	280	i	4	1	6
IR Operational Cal Ch 5 Coefficient 2	281	284	i	4	1	6
IR Operational Cal Ch 5 Coefficient 3	285	288	i	4	1	6
IR Test Cal Ch 5 Coefficient 1	289	292	i	4	1	6
IR Test Cal Ch 5 Coefficient 2	293	296	i	4	1	6
IR Test Cal Ch 5 Coefficient 3	297	300	i	4	1	6
<Zero Fill>	301	312	i	4	3	0
NAVIGATION
Navigation Status Bit Field bits 31-17: <zero fill> bit 16: 1 = earth location corrected for TIP Euler angles bits 15 - 12: earth location indicator 0 = earth location available; 1 = user ephemeris files greater than 24 hours old; 2 = no earth location available. bits 11 - 8: spacecraft attitude control 0 = operating in YGC or NOMINAL mode; 1 = operating in another mode; 2 = attitude exceeds nominal tolerance; 3 = both 1 and 2. bits 7 - 4: attitude SMODE 0 = NOMINAL mode; 1 = rate nulling mode; 2 = YGC mode; 3 = search mode; 4 = coast mode. bits 3 - 0: attitude Passive Wheel Test In Progress 0 = NOMINAL mode/no test; 1 = yaw axis test in progress; 2 = roll axis test in progress; 3 = pitch axis test in progress.	313	316	u	4	1	0
Time Associated with TIP Euler Angles	317	320	u	4	1	0	seconds
TIP Euler Angles Word 1: Roll Word 2: Pitch Word 3: Yaw	321	326	i	2	3	3	degrees
Spacecraft Altitude above Reference Ellipsoid	327	328	u	2	1	1	kilometers
Angular Relationships (relative azimuth range +/- 180.00 degrees) Word 1: Solar Zenith Angle, Point 5 Word 2: Satellite Zenith Angle, Point 5 Word 3: Relative Azimuth Angle, Point 5 Word 4: Solar Zenith Angle, Point 13 ... (set of 3 angles every 8 points) ... Word 153: Relative Azimuth Angle, Point 405	329	634	i	2	153	2	degrees
<Zero Fill>	635	640	i	2	3	0
Earth Location (North latitude and East longitude are positive) Word 1: Latitude, Point 5 Word 2: Longitude, Point 5 Word 3: Latitude, Point 13 ... (lat/lon word pair every 8 points) ... Word 102: Longitude, Point 405	641	1048	i	4	102	4	degrees
<Zero Fill>	1049	1056	i	4	2	0
HRPT MINOR FRAME TELEMETRY
Frame Sync The first sixty bits (six 10-bit values: 644, 367, 860, 413, 527,149) from a 63 bit pseudonoise generator starting in the all 1's state. The generator polynomial is: x⁶ + x⁵ + x² + 1	1057	1068	u	2	6	0
ID Word 1 bits 15-10: <zero fill> bit 9: 0 = internal sync; 1 = AVHRR sync bits 8-7: 0 = not an HRPT frame but a GAC frame; 1 = minor frame 1; 2 = minor frame 2; 3 = minor frame 3 bits 6-3: spacecraft address bit 2: 0 = frame stable; 1 = frame resync occurred bit 1: 0 = pseudonoise AVHRR input; 1 = normal AVHRR input bit 0: 0 = AVHRR Ch 3b; 1 = AVHRR Ch 3a Word 2 bits 15-10: <zero fill> bits 9-0: <undefined>	1069	1072	u	2	2	0
Time Code Word 1 bits 15-10: <zero fill> bits 9-1: binary day count bit 0 = 0 Word 2 bits 15-10: <zero fill> bit 9 = 1 bit 8 = 0 bit 7 = 1 bits 6-0: most significant part of binary millisecond of day count Word 3 bits 15-10: <zero fill> bits 9-0: part of binary millisecond of day count Word 4 bits 15-10: <zero fill> bits 9-0: least significant part of binary millisecond of day count	1073	1080	u	2	4	0
Telemetry Word 1: Ramp Calibration AVHRR Channel 1 Word 2: Ramp Calibration AVHRR Channel 2 Word 3: Ramp Calibration AVHRR Channel 3 Word 4: Ramp Calibration AVHRR Channel 4 Word 5: Ramp Calibration AVHRR Channel 5 Words 6-9 AVHRR Internal Target Temperature Data Three readings from one of the four platinum resistance thermometers (PRT). A different PRT is sampled for each scan; every fifth scan will contain a reference value of 0 in place of eachreading. Word 6: PRT Reading 1 Word 7: PRT Reading 2 Word 8: PRT Reading 3 Word 9: Patch Temperature Word 10: <undefined>	1081	1100	u	2	10	0
Back Scan Ten words of calibration target view data from each AVHRR channel 3, 4, 5. Word 1: Channel 3, Word 1 ... Word 3: Channel 5, Word 1 Word 4: Channel 3, Word 2 ... Word 30: Channel 5, Word 10	1101	1160	u	2	30	0
Space Data Ten words of space view data from each AVHRR channel 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 Word 1: Channel 1, Word 1 ... Word 5: Channel 5, Word 1 Word 6: Channel 1, Word 2 ... Word 50: Channel 5, Word 10	1161	1260	u	2	50	0
Sync Delta bits 15-10: <zero fill> bit 9: 0 = AVHRR sync early; 1 = AVHRR sync late bits 8-0: 9-bit binary count of 0.9984 MHz periods	1261	1262	u	2	1	0
<Zero Fill>	1263	1264	i	2	1	0
AVHRR SENSOR DATA
Sensor Data, Band Interleaved by Pixel (BIP) Word 1 bits 31-30: <zero fill> bits 29-20: Channel 1, Point 1 bits 19-10: Channel 2, Point 1 bits 9-0: Channel 3, Point 1 word 2 bits 31-30: <zero fill> bits 29-20: Channel 4, Point 1 bits 19-10: Channel 5, Point 1 bits 9-0: Channel 1, Point 2 ... Word 682 bits 31-30: <zero fill> bits 29-20: Channel 4, Point 409 bits 19-10: Channel 5, Point 409 bits 9-0: <zero fill>	1265	3992	u	4	682	0
<Zero Fill>	3993	4000	i	4	2	0
DIGITAL B TELEMETRY
Invalid Word Bit Flags (If bit = 1, associated telemetry bit was not updated during most recent minor frame cycle - possibly due to lost frame.) bit 15: motor/telemetry bit 14: electronics/telemetry bit 13: channel 1 status bit 12: channel 2 status bit 11: channel 3a status bit 10: channel 3b status bit 9: channel 4 status bit 8: channel 5 status bit 7: channel 3a/3b select status bit 6: voltage calibrate status bit 5: cooler heat bit 4: scan motor bit 3: telemetry lock bit 2: earth shield bit 1: patch control bit 0: <zero fill>	4001	4002	u	2	1	0
AVHRR Digital B Data bit 15: motor/telemetry (0 = off; 1 = on) bit 14: electronics/telemetry (0 = off; 1 = on) bit 13: channel 1 status (0 = disable; 1 = enable) bit 12: channel 2 status (0 = disable; 1 = enable) bit 11: channel 3a status (0 = disable; 1 = enable) bit 10: channel 3b status (0 = disable; 1 = enable) bit 9: channel 4 status (0 = disable; 1 = enable) bit 8: channel 5 status (0 = disable; 1 = enable) bit 7: channel 3a/3b select status (0 = 3b; 1 = 3a) bit 6: voltage calibrate status (0 = off; 1 = on) bit 5: cooler heat (0 = off; 1 = on) bit 4: scan motor (0 = low; 1 = high) bit 3: telemetry lock (0 = off; 1 = lock) bit 2: earth shield (0 = disable; 1 = deploy) bit 1: patch control (0 = off; 1 = on) bit 0: <zero fill>	4003	4004	u	2	1	0
<Zero Fill>	4005	4016	i	4	3	0
ANALOG HOUSEKEEPING DATA (TIP)
Invalid Word Bit Flags (If bit = 1, associated telemetry word was not updated during most recent minor frame cycle - possibly due to lost frame.) bits 31 - 23: <zero fill> bit 22: reference voltage (word 22) bits 21-2: words 21 through 2 (in order) bit 1: patch temperature (word 1) bit 0: <zero fill>	4017	4020	u	4	1	0
Word 1: Patch Temperature Word 2: Patch Temperature Extended Word 3: Patch Power Word 4: Radiator Temperature Word 5: Black Body Temperature 1 Word 6: Black Body Temperature 2 Word 7: Black Body Temperature 3 Word 8: Black Body Temperature 4 Word 9: Electronics Current Word 10: Motor Current Word 11: Earth Shield Position Word 12: Electronics Temperature Word 13: Cooler Housing Temperature Word 14: Baseplate Temperature Word 15: Motor Housing Temperature Word 16: A/D Converter Temperature Word 17: Detector #4 Bias Voltage Word 18: Detector #5 Bias Voltage Word 19: Channel 3b Blackbody View Word 20: Channel 4 Blackbody View Word 21: Channel 5 Blackbody View Word 22: Reference Voltage	4021	4042	u	1	22	0
<Zero Fill>	4043	4048	i	2	3	0
CLOUDS FROM AVHRR (CLAVR)
<Reserved> CLAVR Status Bit Field bits 31 - 1: <undefined> bit 0: CLAVR status 0 = disable, CCM codes zero-filled; 1 = enable)	4049	4052	u	4	1	0		1
<Reserved>	4053	4056	u	4	1	0
<Reserved> CCM (Clear/Cloudy/Mixed) Codes (0 = unknown; 1 = clear; 2 = cloudy; 3 = partly cloudy) Word 1 bits 15-14: CCM Point 1 ... bits 1-0: CCM Point 8 ... (set of 8 CCM Codes per word) ... Word 52 bits 15-14: CCM Point 409 bits 13-0: <zero fill>	4057	4160	u	2	52	0
FILLER
<Zero Fill>	4161	4608	i	4	112	0		1
NOTES: 1. 12 Nov 1998 : Redefine reserved CLAVR section to include CLAVR Status Bit Field (Fagan, 24 Sep 1998); adjust trailing zero-fill. Clouds from AVHRR (CLAVR) is a complex set of tests to detect daytime and nighttime cloud cover using multi-channel AVHRR sensor data and a surface type database. The first application of CLAVR at NOAA was to support the AVHRR Pathfinder Atmosphere (PATMOS) Project, which reprocessed AVHRR data to correct for calibration drift and produce a consistent record of atmospheric parameters for climate change studies. More information about the NOAA/NASA Pathfinder Program and PATMOS is available at http://orbit-net.nesdis.noaa.gov/crad/sat/atm/aerosol/tarfox/index/patmos.html. Pathfinder products are available through the Comprehensive Large Array-data Stewardship System (CLASS) at http://www.class.noaa.gov/. At this time CLAVR is not part of the operational processing system for NOAA Level 1b GAC, LAC, and HRPT data sets. Therefore, bit 0 of the NOAA Level 1b CLAVR Status Bit Field is set to zero, and the Clear/Cloudy/Mixed (CCM) Codes are zero-filled. Please note that the NOAA Level 1b format allocates space for only a minimal subset of CLAVR parameters needed to generate products that require cloud masks. NESDIS intends to implement CLAVR operationally as part of the Modernized AVHRR Processing System (MAPS), but not earlier than June 2002. The actual implementation date is subject to change dependent upon available resources and mission priorities. More information about current CLAVR research and development at NOAA is available online at http://orbit-net.nesdis. noaa.gov/crad/sat/atm/cloud/clavrx/.

Table 8.3.1.4.3.1-1. Format of packed GAC Data Record for NOAA KLM (Version 2, pre-April 28, 2005).

Field Name

Start Octet

End Octet

Data Type

Word Size

Number of Words

Scale Factor

Units

Notes

SCAN LINE INFORMATION

Scan Line Number (cumulative, starting with 1)

Scan Line Year (e.g., 1999)

Scan Line Day of Year (e.g., 365)

Satellite Clock Drift Delta

milliseconds

Scan Line UTC Time of Day

milliseconds

Scan Line Bit Field
bit 15: 0 = northbound data; 1 = southbound data
bit 14: 1 = scan time corrected for clock drift
bits 13-2: <zero fill>
bits 1-0: channel 3 select (0 = 3b; 1 = 3a; 2 = transition)

QUALITY INDICATORS

Quality Indicator Bit Field (If a bit is on (=1) then the statement is true.)
bit 31: do not use scan for product generation
bit 30: time sequence error detected within this scan (see below)
bit 29: data gap precedes this scan
bit 28: insufficient data for calibration (see below)
bit 27: earth location data not available (see below)
bit 26: first good time following a clock update (nominally 0)
bit 25: instrument status changed with this scan
bit 24: sync lock dropped during this frame
bit 23: frame sync word error greater than zero
bit 22: frame sync previously dropped lock
bit 21: flywheeling detected during this frame
bit 20: bit slippage detected during this frame
bits 19-9: <zero fill>
bit 8: TIP parity error detected
bits 7-6: reflected sunlight detected ch 3b (0 = no anomaly; 1 = anomaly; 3 = unsure)
bits 5-4: reflected sunlight detected ch 4 (0 = no anomaly; 1 = anomaly; 3 = unsure)
bits 3-2: reflected sunlight detected ch 5 (0 = no anomaly; 1 = anomaly; 3 = unsure)
bit 1: resync occurred on this frame
bit 0: pseudo noise occurred on this frame

Scan Line Quality Flags (If a bit is on (=1) then the statement is true.
Time Problem Code (All bits off implies the scan time is as expected.)
bits 31-24: <zero fill>
bit 23: time field is bad but can probably be inferred from the previous good time.
bit 22: time field is bad and can't be inferred from the previous good time.
bit 21: this record starts a sequence that is inconsistent with previous times (i.e., there is a time discontinuity). This may or may not be associated with a spacecraft clock update. (See bit 26, Quality Indicator Bit Field)
bit 20: start of a sequence that apparently repeats scan times that have been previously accepted.
bits 19-16: <zero fill>

Calibration Problem Code (Note these bits complement the channel indicators; all bits set to 0 indicates normal calibration.)
bit 15: scan line was not calibrated because of bad time.
bit 14: scan line was calibrated using fewer than the preferred number of scan lines because of proximity to start or end of data set or to a data gap.
bit 13: scan line was not calibrated because of bad or insufficient PRT data.
bit 12: scan line was calibrated but with marginal PRT data.
bit 11: some uncalibrated channels on this scan (see channel indicators)
bits 10-8: <zero fill>

Earth Location Problem Code (All bits set to 0 implies the earth location was normal.)
bit 7: not earth located because of bad time; earth location fields zero filled.
bit 6: earth location questionable because of questionable time code. (See time problem flags above).
bit 5: earth location questionable -- only marginal agreement with reasonableness check.
bit 4: earth location questionable -- fails reasonableness check.
bits 3-0: <zero fill>

Calibration Quality Flags (All bits off implies a good calibration.)
Word 1: Channel 3b
bits 15 - 8: <zero fill>
bit 7: this channel is not calibrated
bit 6: this channel is calibrated but questionable
bit 5: all bad blackbody counts for scan line
bit 4: all bad space view counts for scan line
bit 3: <zero fill>
bit 2: marginal blackbody view counts for this line
bit 1: marginal space view counts for this line
bit 0: <zero fill>
Word 2: Channel 4
Word 3: Channel 5

Count of Bit Errors in Frame Sync

CALIBRATION COEFFICIENTS

Visible Operational Cal Ch 1 Slope 1

Visible Operational Cal Ch 1 Intercept 1

Visible Operational Cal Ch 1 Slope 2

Visible Operational Cal Ch 1 Intercept 2

Visible Operational Cal Ch 1 Intersection

Visible Test Cal Ch 1 Slope 1

Visible Test Cal Ch 1 Intercept 1

Visible Test Cal Ch 1 Slope 2

Visible Test Cal Ch 1 Intercept 2

Visible Test Cal Ch 1 Intersection

Visible Prelaunch Cal Ch 1 Slope 1

Visible Prelaunch Cal Ch 1 Intercept 1

Visible Prelaunch Cal Ch 1 Slope 2

100

Visible Prelaunch Cal Ch 1 Intercept 2

101

104

Visible Prelaunch Cal Ch 1 Intersection

105

108

Visible Operational Cal Ch 2 Slope 1

109

112

Visible Operational Cal Ch 2 Intercept 1

113

116

Visible Operational Cal Ch 2 Slope 2

117

120

Visible Operational Cal Ch 2 Intercept 2

121

124

Visible Operational Cal Ch 2 Intersection

125

128

Visible Test Cal Ch 2 Slope 1

129

132

Visible Test Cal Ch 2 Intercept 1

133

136

Visible Test Cal Ch 2 Slope 2

137

140

Visible Test Cal Ch 2 Intercept 2

141

144

Visible Test Cal Ch 2 Intersection

145

148

Visible Prelaunch Cal Ch 2 Slope 1

149

152

Visible Prelaunch Cal Ch 2 Intercept 1

153

156

Visible Prelaunch Cal Ch 2 Slope 2

157

160

Visible Prelaunch Cal Ch 2 Intercept 2

161

164

Visible Prelaunch Cal Ch 2 Intersection

165

168

Visible Operational Cal Ch 3a Slope 1

169

172

Visible Operational Cal Ch 3a Intercept 1

173

176

Visible Operational Cal Ch 3a Slope 2

177

180

Visible Operational Cal Ch 3a Intercept 2

181

184

Visible Operational Cal Ch 3a Intersection

185

188

Visible Test Cal Ch 3a Slope 1

189

192

Visible Test Cal Ch 3a Intercept 1

193

196

Visible Test Cal Ch 3a Slope 2

197

200

Visible Test Cal Ch 3a Intercept 2

201

204

Visible Test Cal Ch 3a Intersection

205

208

Visible Prelaunch Cal Ch 3a Slope 1

209

212

Visible Prelaunch Cal Ch 3a Intercept 1

213

216

Visible Prelaunch Cal Ch 3a Slope 2

217

220

Visible Prelaunch Cal Ch 3a Intercept 2

221

224

Visible Prelaunch Cal Ch 3a Intersection

225

228

IR Operational Cal Ch 3b Coefficient 1

229

232

IR Operational Cal Ch 3b Coefficient 2

233

236

IR Operational Cal Ch 3b Coefficient 3

237

240

IR Test Cal Ch 3b Coefficient 1

241

244

IR Test Cal Ch 3b Coefficient 2

245

248

IR Test Cal Ch 3b Coefficient 3

249

252

IR Operational Cal Ch 4 Coefficient 1

253

256

IR Operational Cal Ch 4 Coefficient 2

257

260

IR Operational Cal Ch 4 Coefficient 3

261

264

IR Test Cal Ch 4 Coefficient 1

265

268

IR Test Cal Ch 4 Coefficient 2

269

272

IR Test Cal Ch 4 Coefficient 3

273

276

IR Operational Cal Ch 5 Coefficient 1

277

280

IR Operational Cal Ch 5 Coefficient 2

281

284

IR Operational Cal Ch 5 Coefficient 3

285

288

IR Test Cal Ch 5 Coefficient 1

289

292

IR Test Cal Ch 5 Coefficient 2

293

296

IR Test Cal Ch 5 Coefficient 3

297

300

301

312

NAVIGATION

Navigation Status Bit Field

bits 31-17: <zero fill>

bit 16: 1 = earth location corrected for TIP Euler angles

bits 15 - 12: earth location indicator

0 = earth location available;
1 = user ephemeris files greater than 24 hours old;
2 = no earth location available.

bits 11 - 8: spacecraft attitude control
0 = operating in YGC or NOMINAL mode;
1 = operating in another mode;
2 = attitude exceeds nominal tolerance;
3 = both 1 and 2.

bits 7 - 4: attitude SMODE
0 = NOMINAL mode;
1 = rate nulling mode;
2 = YGC mode;
3 = search mode;
4 = coast mode.

bits 3 - 0: attitude Passive Wheel Test In Progress
0 = NOMINAL mode/no test;
1 = yaw axis test in progress;
2 = roll axis test in progress;
3 = pitch axis test in progress.

313

316

Time Associated with TIP Euler Angles

317

320

seconds

TIP Euler Angles
Word 1: Roll
Word 2: Pitch
Word 3: Yaw

321

326

degrees

Spacecraft Altitude above Reference Ellipsoid

327

328

kilometers

Angular Relationships
(relative azimuth range +/- 180.00 degrees)
Word 1: Solar Zenith Angle, Point 5
Word 2: Satellite Zenith Angle, Point 5
Word 3: Relative Azimuth Angle, Point 5
Word 4: Solar Zenith Angle, Point 13
...
(set of 3 angles every 8 points)
...
Word 153: Relative Azimuth Angle, Point 405

329

634

153

degrees

635

640

Earth Location
(North latitude and East longitude are positive)
Word 1: Latitude, Point 5
Word 2: Longitude, Point 5
Word 3: Latitude, Point 13
...
(lat/lon word pair every 8 points)
...
Word 102: Longitude, Point 405

641

1048

102

degrees

1049

1056

HRPT MINOR FRAME TELEMETRY

Frame Sync
The first sixty bits (six 10-bit values: 644, 367, 860, 413, 527,149) from a 63 bit pseudonoise generator starting in the all 1's state. The generator polynomial is: x⁶ + x⁵ + x² + 1

1057

1068

ID
Word 1
bits 15-10: <zero fill>

bit 9:
0 = internal sync;
1 = AVHRR sync

bits 8-7:
0 = not an HRPT frame but a GAC frame;
1 = minor frame 1;
2 = minor frame 2;
3 = minor frame 3

bits 6-3: spacecraft address

bit 2:
0 = frame stable;
1 = frame resync occurred

bit 1:
0 = pseudonoise AVHRR input;
1 = normal AVHRR input

bit 0:
0 = AVHRR Ch 3b;
1 = AVHRR Ch 3a

Word 2
bits 15-10: <zero fill>
bits 9-0: <undefined>

1069

1072

Time Code
Word 1
bits 15-10: <zero fill>
bits 9-1: binary day count
bit 0 = 0

Word 2
bits 15-10: <zero fill>
bit 9 = 1
bit 8 = 0
bit 7 = 1
bits 6-0: most significant part of binary millisecond of day count

Word 3
bits 15-10: <zero fill>
bits 9-0: part of binary millisecond of day count

Word 4
bits 15-10: <zero fill>
bits 9-0: least significant part of binary millisecond of day count

1073

1080

Telemetry
Word 1: Ramp Calibration AVHRR Channel 1
Word 2: Ramp Calibration AVHRR Channel 2
Word 3: Ramp Calibration AVHRR Channel 3
Word 4: Ramp Calibration AVHRR Channel 4
Word 5: Ramp Calibration AVHRR Channel 5
Words 6-9

AVHRR Internal Target Temperature Data
Three readings from one of the four platinum resistance thermometers (PRT). A different PRT is sampled for each scan; every fifth scan will contain a reference value of 0 in place of eachreading.
Word 6: PRT Reading 1
Word 7: PRT Reading 2
Word 8: PRT Reading 3
Word 9: Patch Temperature
Word 10: <undefined>

1081

1100

Back Scan
Ten words of calibration target view data from each AVHRR channel 3, 4, 5.
Word 1: Channel 3, Word 1
...
Word 3: Channel 5, Word 1
Word 4: Channel 3, Word 2
...
Word 30: Channel 5, Word 10

1101

1160

Space Data
Ten words of space view data from each AVHRR channel 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Word 1: Channel 1, Word 1
...
Word 5: Channel 5, Word 1
Word 6: Channel 1, Word 2
...
Word 50: Channel 5, Word 10

1161

1260

Sync Delta
bits 15-10: <zero fill>
bit 9: 0 = AVHRR sync early; 1 = AVHRR sync late
bits 8-0: 9-bit binary count of 0.9984 MHz periods

1261

1262

1263

1264

AVHRR SENSOR DATA

Sensor Data, Band Interleaved by Pixel (BIP)

Word 1
bits 31-30: <zero fill>
bits 29-20: Channel 1, Point 1
bits 19-10: Channel 2, Point 1
bits 9-0: Channel 3, Point 1

word 2
bits 31-30: <zero fill>
bits 29-20: Channel 4, Point 1
bits 19-10: Channel 5, Point 1
bits 9-0: Channel 1, Point 2

...
Word 682
bits 31-30: <zero fill>
bits 29-20: Channel 4, Point 409
bits 19-10: Channel 5, Point 409
bits 9-0: <zero fill>

1265

3992

682

3993

4000

DIGITAL B TELEMETRY

Invalid Word Bit Flags (If bit = 1, associated telemetry bit was not updated during most recent minor frame cycle - possibly due to lost frame.)
bit 15: motor/telemetry
bit 14: electronics/telemetry
bit 13: channel 1 status
bit 12: channel 2 status
bit 11: channel 3a status
bit 10: channel 3b status
bit 9: channel 4 status
bit 8: channel 5 status
bit 7: channel 3a/3b select status
bit 6: voltage calibrate status
bit 5: cooler heat
bit 4: scan motor
bit 3: telemetry lock
bit 2: earth shield
bit 1: patch control
bit 0: <zero fill>

4001

4002

AVHRR Digital B Data
bit 15: motor/telemetry (0 = off; 1 = on)
bit 14: electronics/telemetry (0 = off; 1 = on)
bit 13: channel 1 status (0 = disable; 1 = enable)
bit 12: channel 2 status (0 = disable; 1 = enable)
bit 11: channel 3a status (0 = disable; 1 = enable)
bit 10: channel 3b status (0 = disable; 1 = enable)
bit 9: channel 4 status (0 = disable; 1 = enable)
bit 8: channel 5 status (0 = disable; 1 = enable)
bit 7: channel 3a/3b select status (0 = 3b; 1 = 3a)
bit 6: voltage calibrate status (0 = off; 1 = on)
bit 5: cooler heat (0 = off; 1 = on)
bit 4: scan motor (0 = low; 1 = high)
bit 3: telemetry lock (0 = off; 1 = lock)
bit 2: earth shield (0 = disable; 1 = deploy)
bit 1: patch control (0 = off; 1 = on)
bit 0: <zero fill>

4003

4004

4005

4016

ANALOG HOUSEKEEPING DATA (TIP)

Invalid Word Bit Flags (If bit = 1, associated telemetry word was not updated during most recent minor frame cycle - possibly due to lost frame.)

bits 31 - 23: <zero fill>
bit 22: reference voltage (word 22)
bits 21-2: words 21 through 2 (in order)
bit 1: patch temperature (word 1)
bit 0: <zero fill>

4017

4020

Word 1: Patch Temperature
Word 2: Patch Temperature Extended
Word 3: Patch Power
Word 4: Radiator Temperature
Word 5: Black Body Temperature 1
Word 6: Black Body Temperature 2
Word 7: Black Body Temperature 3
Word 8: Black Body Temperature 4
Word 9: Electronics Current
Word 10: Motor Current
Word 11: Earth Shield Position
Word 12: Electronics Temperature
Word 13: Cooler Housing Temperature
Word 14: Baseplate Temperature
Word 15: Motor Housing Temperature
Word 16: A/D Converter Temperature
Word 17: Detector #4 Bias Voltage
Word 18: Detector #5 Bias Voltage
Word 19: Channel 3b Blackbody View
Word 20: Channel 4 Blackbody View
Word 21: Channel 5 Blackbody View
Word 22: Reference Voltage

4021

4042

4043

4048

CLOUDS FROM AVHRR (CLAVR)

<Reserved>
CLAVR Status Bit Field
bits 31 - 1: <undefined>
bit 0: CLAVR status
0 = disable, CCM codes zero-filled;
1 = enable)

4049

4052

4053

4056

<Reserved>
CCM (Clear/Cloudy/Mixed) Codes
(0 = unknown; 1 = clear; 2 = cloudy; 3 = partly cloudy)
Word 1
bits 15-14: CCM Point 1
...
bits 1-0: CCM Point 8
...
(set of 8 CCM Codes per word)
...
Word 52
bits 15-14: CCM Point 409
bits 13-0: <zero fill>

4057

4160

FILLER

4161

4608

112

NOTES:

1. 12 Nov 1998 : Redefine reserved CLAVR section to include CLAVR Status Bit Field (Fagan, 24 Sep 1998); adjust trailing zero-fill.

Clouds from AVHRR (CLAVR) is a complex set of tests to detect daytime and nighttime cloud cover using multi-channel AVHRR sensor data and a surface type database. The first application of CLAVR at NOAA was to support the AVHRR Pathfinder Atmosphere (PATMOS) Project, which reprocessed AVHRR data to correct for calibration drift and produce a consistent record of atmospheric parameters for climate change studies. More information about the NOAA/NASA Pathfinder Program and PATMOS is available at http://orbit-net.nesdis.noaa.gov/crad/sat/atm/aerosol/tarfox/index/patmos.html. Pathfinder products are available through the Comprehensive Large Array-data Stewardship System (CLASS) at http://www.class.noaa.gov/.

At this time CLAVR is not part of the operational processing system for NOAA Level 1b GAC, LAC, and HRPT data sets. Therefore, bit 0 of the NOAA Level 1b CLAVR Status Bit Field is set to zero, and the Clear/Cloudy/Mixed (CCM) Codes are zero-filled. Please note that the NOAA Level 1b format allocates space for only a minimal subset of CLAVR parameters needed to generate products that require cloud masks. NESDIS intends to implement CLAVR operationally as part of the Modernized AVHRR Processing System (MAPS), but not earlier than June 2002. The actual implementation date is subject to change dependent upon available resources and mission priorities.

More information about current CLAVR research and development at NOAA is available online at http://orbit-net.nesdis. noaa.gov/crad/sat/atm/cloud/clavrx/.

NESDIS archive systems support the selection of any combination of one to five channels, and sensor data word sizes of 8 or 16 bits (this is known as the unpacked format). The unpacking process stores each (10-bit) sensor data value in a separate eight or sixteen bit word. When 8-bit words are selected, the sensor data is reduced from ten to eight bits by removing the leastsignificant two bits. When 16-bit words are selected, the sensor data is stored in the least significant ten bits and the six most significant bits are zero-filled. If a customer does not require all five channels from the AVHRR instrument, the unpacked format can also be reduced to any subset of active channels. At this time, however, the archive extraction programs do not differentiate between channels 3A and 3B. Channel selected data sets are not available in packed format. In all cases, the sensor data are stored in BIP order.

Tables 8.3.1.4.3.1-2 and 8.3.1.4.3.1-3 (containing the 8 and 16-bit unpacked structure,respectively) summarize how the selection of channel and sensor data word size affects the octet placement of the data set structure documented in Table 8.3.1.4.3.1-1. While the alignment of data words on eight octet (i.e., 64 bit) boundaries is maintained by adding binary zero-fill after the sensor data section, in the interests of minimizing data set size the record lengths are nolonger multiples of 512 octets.

Table 8.3.1.4.3.1-2. GAC 8-bit Extract Structure.
Number of Channels	1	2	3	4	5
Pre-Data	1 - 1264	1 - 1264	1 - 1264	1 - 1264	1 - 1264
Sensor Data	1265 -1673	1265 - 2082	1265 - 2491	1265 - 2900	1265 - 3309
Alignment Zero-Fill	1674-1680	2083-2088	2492-2496	2901-2904	3310-3312
Post-Data	1681-1832	2089-2240	2497-2648	2905-3056	3313-3464
Trailing Zero-Fill	1833-1952	2241-2360	2649-2768	3057-3176	3465-3584
Record Length	6454	7679	8904	10129	11354

Table 8.3.1.4.3.1-2. GAC 8-bit Extract Structure.

Number of Channels

Pre-Data

1 - 1264

Sensor Data

1265 -1673

1265 - 2082

1265 - 2491

1265 - 2900

1265 - 3309

Alignment Zero-Fill

1674-1680

2083-2088

2492-2496

2901-2904

3310-3312

Post-Data

1681-1832

2089-2240

2497-2648

2905-3056

3313-3464

Trailing Zero-Fill

1833-1952

2241-2360

2649-2768

3057-3176

3465-3584

Record Length

6454

7679

8904

10129

11354

Table 8.3.1.4.3.1-3. GAC 16-bit Extract Structure.
Number of Channels	1	2	3	4	5
Pre-Data	1 - 1264	1 - 1264	1 - 1264	1 - 1264	1 - 1264
Sensor Data	1265 - 2082	1265 - 2900	1265 - 3718	1265 - 4536	1265 - 5354
Alignment Zero-Fill	2083-2088	2901-2904	3719-3720	4537-4544	5355-5360
Post-Data	2089-2240	2905-3056	3721-3872	4545-4696	5361-5512
Trailing Zero-Fill	2241-2360	3057-3176	3873-3992	4697-4816	5513-5632
Record Length	2360	3176	3992	4816	5632

Table 8.3.1.4.3.1-3. GAC 16-bit Extract Structure.

Number of Channels

Pre-Data

1 - 1264

Sensor Data

1265 - 2082

1265 - 2900

1265 - 3718

1265 - 4536

1265 - 5354

Alignment Zero-Fill

2083-2088

2901-2904

3719-3720

4537-4544

5355-5360

Post-Data

2089-2240

2905-3056

3721-3872

4545-4696

5361-5512

Trailing Zero-Fill

2241-2360

3057-3176

3873-3992

4697-4816

5513-5632

Record Length

2360

3176

3992

4816

5632

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NOAA KLM User's Guide

Section 8.3.1.4.3.1

8.3.1.4.3.1 NOAA KLM Format (Version 2, pre-April 28, 2005)