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| As shown in the above figure, June 2000 global (Land and Ocean) temperatures were 0.29 C above the 1880-1999 long term mean, 0.43 C cooler than the June record warm anomaly that occurred in 1998 during the last warm phase of ENSO (El Nino). Average land surface temperatures were 0.43 C above the 1880-1999 long-term mean, 0.47 C cooler than in 1998 while the average sea surface temperature was 0.23 C above average. June globally was the 10th warmest for all three (Land and Ocean, Ocean, Land) time series. |
| The adjacent plot shows the gridded distribution of temperature anomalies for GHCN stations throughout the world based on a 1961-1990 base period. June temperatures were much warmer than average throughout much of Europe, northern Africa, central Siberia, Mongolia, southeast South America and the western United States. The warmest anomalies, greater than 4 C above average, were noted across extreme northwest Africa and central Siberia into Mongolia. Below normal temperatures were observed across most of Australia. Temperatures were also cooler than average across parts of India, western China, and the central part of the United States into Canada. |  larger image |
| For the period January through June, global (Land and Ocean) temperatures were again well above the long term mean. The average land surface temperature was 0.79 C above the 1880-1999 long term mean and was tied for the third warmest January-June period. The extremely warm land surface temperatures combined with above average sea surface temperatures resulted in a land/sea average anomaly of 0.42 C above the long term mean which tied for the fifth warmest. The ocean anomaly was 0.27C above the long term mean which tied 1990 and 1996 for seventh warmest. |
Global Temperature Latitude Bands
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Temperatures in the tropics (20N-20S) were only 0.04 C above the long term mean in June, the coolest June in this region since 1985. Northern Hemisphere (20N - 90N) temperature anomalies were above average in June, measuring 0.62 C. Large positive temperature anomalies have been observed in the Northern (hemisphere) (20N - 90 N) for the month of June since 1994. Southern (hemisphere) (20S - 90S) temperatures were 0.46 C above the long term (1880-1999) average. This was the fourth warmest June for the extratropical (20 - 90 degrees N or S) regions of both hemispheres. |
MSU Temperature larger image |
Data collected by NOAA's TIROS-N polar-orbiting satellites and adjusted for time-dependent biases by NASA and the Global Hydrology and Climate Center at the University of Alabama in Huntsville indicate that temperatures in the lower half of the atmosphere (lowest 8 km) were near the period-of-record average (1979-1998) in June. |
Global Precipitation larger image |
As shown in the figure to the left, June precipitation anomalies were characterized by large regional variations. The largest negative anomalies (indicating drier than normal conditions) occurred over the western Pacific Islands and parts of southeast China, with areas more than 150 mm (6 inches) below normal. Other notable areas of below normal rainfall include the southeastern United States, much of central Europe and parts of Australia and Brazil. Notable areas receiving much above-normal precipitation include much of the central United States, parts of South America and portions of Southeast Asia. |
References:
Peterson, T.C. and R.S. Vose, 1997: An Overview of the Global Historical Climatology Network Database. Bull. Amer. Meteorol. Soc., 78, 2837-2849.
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